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Shloka 43

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

तथा राजन्यवैश्याभ्यां यद्यश्नरीयात्तु केतित: । यवीयान्‌ पशुहिंसायां भागार्ध समवाप्लुयात्‌

tathā rājanya-vaiśyābhyāṁ yady aśnīyāt tu ketitaḥ | yavīyān paśu-hiṁsāyāṁ bhāgārdhaṁ samavāpnuyāt ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่พระราชา หากผู้ใดได้รับเชิญอย่างเป็นทางการจากกษัตริยะหรือไวศยะแล้ว แต่กลับละทิ้งไปกิน ณ ที่อื่น ผู้นั้นย่อมเป็นที่ติเตียน และต้องรับส่วนแห่งบาป—ครึ่งหนึ่ง—อันเนื่องด้วยการเบียดเบียนสัตว์ที่เกิดขึ้นเพื่ออาหารมื้อนั้น”

तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राजन्यby a Kshatriya (royal-class person)
राजन्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वैश्याभ्याम्by two Vaishyas / by Vaishyas (dual form)
वैश्याभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
यत्which (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नरीयात्should eat
अश्नरीयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
केतितःhaving been invited / invited
केतितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकेतित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यवीयान्the younger (one)
यवीयान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयवीयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पशुहिंसायाम्in animal-slaughter / in violence to animals
पशुहिंसायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपशुहिंसा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भागार्धम्half a share
भागार्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभागार्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समवाप्नुयात्should obtain / would incur
समवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअवाप् (सम्+अव+आप्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira implied)
K
Kshatriya (rājanya)
V
Vaishya (vaiśya)

Educational Q&A

One should honor a prior invitation, especially in a context where food preparation may involve animal slaughter; by eating elsewhere after accepting an invitation, one becomes morally complicit and is said to incur half the demerit associated with the animal-violence enabled by that arrangement.

In Bhishma’s instruction to the king on dharma and conduct, he explains a rule of ethical responsibility: when a Kshatriya or Vaishya has already invited someone for a meal, the invitee should not disregard it and dine elsewhere, because such disregard carries social blame and karmic consequence tied to the meal’s violence.