Shloka 24

युधिछिर उवाच कि परं ब्रह्मचर्य च कि परं धर्मलक्षणम्‌ | किं च श्रेष्ठतमं शौचं तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! उत्तम ब्रह्मचर्य क्या है? धर्मका सबसे श्रेष्ठ लक्षण क्‍या है? तथा सर्वोत्तम पवित्रता किसे कहते हैं? यह मुझे बताइये

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kiṁ paraṁ brahmacaryaṁ ca kiṁ paraṁ dharmalakṣaṇam | kiṁ ca śreṣṭhatamaṁ śaucaṁ tan me brūhi pitāmaha ||

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “ท่านปิตามหะ โปรดบอกข้าพเจ้าเถิด: พรหมจรรย์ (การสำรวมตน) อันสูงสุดคืออะไร? เครื่องหมายอันประเสริฐที่ทำให้รู้จักธรรมะคืออะไร? และความบริสุทธิ์ (เศาจะ) อันยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดคือสิ่งใด?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्यम्celibacy / brahmacarya
ब्रह्मचर्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मलक्षणम्mark/characteristic of dharma
धर्मलक्षणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रेष्ठतमम्the best, most excellent
श्रेष्ठतमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठतम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शौचम्purity/cleanliness
शौचम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशौच
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (you)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classical ethical inquiry: Yudhiṣṭhira seeks clear standards for the highest self-restraint (brahmacarya), the defining sign of dharma, and the greatest purity (śauca). It sets up Bhīṣma’s instruction by prioritizing inner discipline and moral criteria over mere external observance.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully addresses Bhīṣma as “Pitāmaha” and asks him to define the सर्वोच्च (param) forms of brahmacarya, dharma’s hallmark, and śauca, initiating a didactic exchange on conduct and values.