Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 43

स्वदेशे परदेशे वाप्यतिथिं नोपवासयेत्‌ । कर्म वै सफल कृत्वा गुरूणां प्रतिपादयेत्‌

Bhīṣma uvāca | svadeśe paradeśe vāpy atithiṁ nopavāsayet | karma vai saphalaṁ kṛtvā gurūṇāṁ pratipādayet ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—ไม่ว่าอยู่ในแผ่นดินตนหรือแผ่นดินอื่น อย่าปล่อยให้แขกผู้มาเยือนต้องอดอาหาร. และกิจใดที่ครูอาจารย์หรือผู้ใหญ่สั่งไว้ พึงทำให้สำเร็จแล้วกราบทูลรายงานแก่ท่าน.

स्वदेशेin one’s own country
स्वदेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परदेशेin a foreign country
परदेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपरदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अतिथिम्a guest
अतिथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपवासयेत्should not make (him) fast / should not leave (him) without food
उपवासयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउपवासय् (उप + वस्, णिच्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मthe task/work
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सफलम्successful, fruitful
सफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done/made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Ktva), Active
गुरूणाम्of the teachers/elders
गुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रतिपादयेत्should report/communicate (to them); should present
प्रतिपादयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रतिपादय् (प्रति + पद्, णिच्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
atithi (guest)
G
guru (elders/teachers)

Educational Q&A

Two duties are emphasized: (1) atithi-dharma—never let a guest go unfed, regardless of whether one is at home or abroad; and (2) guru-dharma—carry out the teacher’s/elder’s assigned work to completion and then respectfully communicate the successful result.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous conduct (dharma), he gives concise practical rules for daily life: hospitality toward unexpected guests and disciplined obedience toward elders/teachers by completing entrusted tasks and reporting back.