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Shloka 112

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

अश्त्र॑ पुरुषं हत्वा सशस्त्र: पुरुषाधम: । अर्थार्थी यदि वा वैरी स मृतो जायते खर:

aśastraṃ puruṣaṃ hatvā saśastraḥ puruṣādhamaḥ | arthārthī yadi vā vairī sa mṛto jāyate kharaḥ ||

ผู้ใดถืออาวุธแล้วฆ่ามนุษย์ผู้ไร้อาวุธ ผู้นั้นเป็นคนต่ำช้าที่สุดในหมู่มนุษย์ ไม่ว่าจะทำด้วยความโลภในทรัพย์หรือด้วยความพยาบาท—ครั้นตายแล้ว ย่อมไปเกิดเป็นลา

अशस्त्रम्unarmed
अशस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-शस्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरुषम्a man
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
सशस्त्रःarmed
सशस्त्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-शस्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषाधमःthe lowest of men
पुरुषाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थार्थीseeking wealth (for gain)
अर्थार्थी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थार्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वैरीan enemy
वैरी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैरिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृतःdead
मृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
जायतेis born
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Active (Atmanepada usage)
खरःa donkey
खरः:
TypeNoun
Rootखर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira)
पुरुष (a man/person)
खर (donkey)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns the act of an armed person killing an unarmed person as a grave adharma. Motive—profit or enmity—does not excuse it; such violence is portrayed as leading to a degrading rebirth, underscoring accountability through karma.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a moral-legal principle about righteous conduct, especially relevant to warfare and power: protect the defenseless and do not exploit superiority of arms; violation brings severe moral and karmic consequence.