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Shloka 1

उपवासविधि-प्रश्नः

Inquiry into the Discipline of Fasting

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके ९३ “लोक मिलाकर कुल १६५३ “लोक हैं) + अपने जन्मनक्षत्रसे वर्तमान नक्षत्रतक गिने

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | yathā jyeṣṭhaḥ kaniṣṭheṣu varteta bharatarṣabha | kaniṣṭhāś ca yathā jyeṣṭhe varteran tad bravīhi me ||

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “โอ ผู้ประเสริฐแห่งวงศ์ภารตะ จงบอกข้าพเจ้าเถิดว่า พี่ชายควรประพฤติตนต่อบรรดาน้องชายอย่างไร และน้องชายทั้งหลายควรประพฤติตนต่อพี่ชายอย่างไร.”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाhow; in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
ज्येष्ठःthe elder (brother)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कनिष्ठेषुtowards/among the younger (brothers)
कनिष्ठेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकनिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
वर्तेतshould behave
वर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormOptative, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कनिष्ठाःthe younger (brothers)
कनिष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकनिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाhow; in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
ज्येष्ठेtowards/in the elder (brother)
ज्येष्ठे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वर्तेरन्should behave
वर्तेरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormOptative, 3, Plural, Atmanepada
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रवीहिtell (me)
ब्रवीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bharatarṣabha (epithet of Bhīṣma in this context)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-question about reciprocal duties within a sibling hierarchy: the elder must act with responsibility and care toward juniors, and the juniors must respond with proper respect and cooperation toward the elder.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-setting, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses the revered elder (here invoked as “Bharatarṣabha”) and requests guidance on the proper norms of behavior between elder and younger brothers.