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Shloka 3

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण जपहोमैस्तथौषधै: । कर्मणा मनसा वाचा तने ब्रूहि पितामह

tapasā brahmacaryeṇa japahomais tathauṣadhaiḥ | karmaṇā manasā vācā tvaṁ me brūhi pitāmaha ||

“ด้วยตบะ ด้วยพรหมจรรย์ ด้วยการสวดมนต์และการบูชาไฟ และด้วยวิธีแห่งโอสถ—ทั้งด้วยการกระทำ ด้วยใจ และด้วยวาจา—ขอท่านปิตามหะจงบอกข้าพเจ้าเถิดว่า มนุษย์ควรยึดสิ่งใดเป็นหลัก จึงจะได้เป็นผู้มีส่วนในศรेयัส คือความดีสูงสุด”

तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्येणby celibacy / brahmacarya
ब्रह्मचर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जपहोमैःby muttered prayers and fire-offerings
जपहोमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजप-होम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाand also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
औषधैःby medicines / herbs
औषधैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऔषध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
कर्मणाby action (deed)
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मनसाby mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाचाby speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तन्मेthat (to) me
तन्मे:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् + अहम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Dative Singular
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry: which disciplines—asceticism, celibate restraint, mantra-recitation, fire-offering, or medicinal/remedial means—when practiced through deed, thought, and speech, most effectively lead a person to śreyas (the highest good). It emphasizes that spiritual progress is evaluated across the three channels of human agency: body (karma), mind (manas), and speech (vāc).

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira seeks instruction on dharma from the elder Bhīṣma (addressed as Pitāmaha). Here he asks Bhīṣma to clarify what practices a person should rely upon—across action, intention, and speech—to attain true welfare and moral-spiritual excellence.