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Shloka 21

Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant

धृतराष्ट उवाच ये ब्राह्मणा मृदव: सत्यशीला बहुश्रुता: सर्वभूताभिरामा: । येडधीयते सेतिहासं पुराणं मध्वाहुत्या जुद्वति वै द्विजेभ्य:

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ye brāhmaṇā mṛdavaḥ satyaśīlā bahuśrutāḥ sarvabhūtābhirāmāḥ | ye ’dhīyate setihāsaṃ purāṇaṃ madhvāhutyā judvati vai dvijebhyaḥ ||

ธฤตราษฏระกล่าวว่า “พราหมณ์เหล่านั้นผู้มีใจอ่อนโยน ตั้งมั่นในสัจจะ ทรงความรู้กว้างขวาง และเป็นที่ชื่นชอบของสรรพสัตว์—ผู้ศึกษาคัมภีร์อิติหาสะและปุราณะ และเมื่อถวาย ‘น้ำผึ้ง’ เป็นอาหุติแล้ว จึงมอบให้แก่เหล่าทวิชะโดยชอบธรรม—(จงกล่าวถึงคนเช่นนั้นแก่เรา)”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मृदवःgentle
मृदवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यशीलाःof truthful conduct
सत्यशीलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बहुश्रुताःmuch-learned
बहुश्रुताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुश्रुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वभूताभिरामाःpleasing to all beings
सर्वभूताभिरामाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वभूताभिराम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अधीयतेstudies/recites
अधीयते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
इतिहासम्history/epic narrative
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुराणम्Purāṇa (ancient lore)
पुराणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुराण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मधु-आहुत्याwith an offering of honey
मधु-आहुत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्वाहुति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
यज्वतिworships/sacrifices
यज्वति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्विजेभ्यःto the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
brāhmaṇas
I
Itihāsa
P
Purāṇa
M
madhu (honey)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical ideal of the brāhmaṇa: gentleness, truthfulness, broad learning, and universal benevolence, joined with disciplined study of sacred-traditional literature (Itihāsa and Purāṇa) and proper ritual-honor toward the twice-born through offerings.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra is describing (and implicitly inquiring about) a class of exemplary brāhmaṇas—defined by character, learning, and ritual practice—within the Anuśāsana Parva’s broader instruction on dharma and proper conduct.