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Shloka 15

Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant

धृतराष्ट उवाच ये निष्क्रिया नास्तिकाश्रद्दधाना: पापात्मान इन्द्रियार्थे निविष्टा: यमस्य ते याततनां प्राप्तुवन्ति परं गन्ता धृतराष्ट्रो न तत्र

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | ye niṣkriyā nāstikāśraddadhānāḥ pāpātmāna indriyārthe niviṣṭāḥ | yamasya te yātanāṁ prāptuvanti paraṁ gantā dhṛtarāṣṭro na tatra |

ธฤตราษฏระกล่าวว่า—ผู้ใดไม่ประกอบหน้าที่แห่งธรรม เป็นผู้ไม่ศรัทธา ไม่เชื่อถือ มีใจบาป และหมกมุ่นในอารมณ์แห่งอินทรีย์ ผู้นั้นย่อมได้รับทัณฑ์ทรมานของยมราช; แต่พระราชาธฤตราษฏระหาได้มีชะตาไป ณ ที่นั้นไม่।

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निष्क्रियाःinactive, without (right) action
निष्क्रियाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्क्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नास्तिकाःatheistic, unbelieving
नास्तिकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनास्तिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्रद्दधानाःwithout faith
अश्रद्दधानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-श्रद्दधान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present participle (Śatṛ) used adjectivally
पापात्मानःsinful-souled (people)
पापात्मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपापात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इन्द्रियार्थेin the objects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निविष्टाःabsorbed, attached, engrossed
निविष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-विश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (kta)
यमस्यof Yama
यमस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यातनांtorment, punishment
यातनां:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयातना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्नुवन्तिattain, obtain
प्राप्नुवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
परम्but, however
परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपर
गन्ताgoer; one who will go
गन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Agent noun (tṛc) / future-goer sense
धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

The verse links moral downfall to specific traits—neglect of rightful action, disbelief, lack of faith, sinful intent, and attachment to sense-objects—and states that such dispositions lead to punitive consequences after death under Yama’s judgment.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaks about who becomes subject to Yama’s torments, characterizing the condemned as irreligious and sense-enslaved; he then asserts that he himself (as king Dhṛtarāṣṭra) is not among those destined for that fate.