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Shloka 13

Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant

धतराष्ट्र वाच ब्राह्मणानां हस्तिभिनस्ति कृत्यं राजन्यानां नागकुलानि विप्र | स्वं वाहनं नयतो नास्त्यधर्मो नागश्रेष्ठ गौतमास्मान्निवर्त

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | brāhmaṇānāṃ hastibhir nāsti kṛtyaṃ rājanyānāṃ nāgakulāni vipra | svaṃ vāhanaṃ nayato nāsty adharmaḥ nāgaśreṣṭha gautamāsmān nivarta ||

ธฤตราษฏระกล่าวว่า “ท่านพราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ พราหมณ์หาได้มีธุระกับช้างไม่ ฝูงช้างเป็นกิจของกษัตริย์ ช้างเชือกนี้เป็นพาหนะของเราเอง การนำพาหนะของตนไปย่อมไม่เป็นอธรรม โคตมะผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่นักปราชญ์ จงหันกลับไปเถิด จงละข้ออ้างและความใคร่ในช้างเชือกนี้เสีย”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
ब्राह्मणानाम्of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
हस्तिभिःwith elephants
हस्तिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
कृत्यम्need/use/purpose
कृत्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकृत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
राजन्यानाम्of Kṣatriyas/royals
राजन्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नागकुलानिherds/families of elephants
नागकुलानि:
TypeNoun
Rootनागकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
विप्रO Brahmin
विप्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाहनम्vehicle/mount
वाहनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाहन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नयतःof (me) taking/leading
नयतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
अधर्मःunrighteousness/wrong
अधर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागश्रेष्ठO best of elephants
नागश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनागश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गौतमO Gautama
गौतम:
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
निवर्तdesist/turn back
निवर्त:
TypeVerb
Rootनिवृत्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular

गौतम उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
G
Gautama
B
brāhmaṇas
R
rājanyas (kṣatriyas)
E
elephant (hasti/nāga)
M
mount/vehicle (vāhana)

Educational Q&A

Dhṛtarāṣṭra argues a role-based view of dharma: elephants and their management fall under kṣatriya/royal responsibility, not brāhmaṇa livelihood; therefore reclaiming his mount is, in his view, not adharma. The verse foregrounds how claims of righteousness can be framed through social duty (varṇa-dharma) and ownership.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra addresses the sage Gautama, who is opposing or questioning his taking of an elephant. Dhṛtarāṣṭra defends his action by stating that elephants are meant for kings, that the elephant is his own vehicle, and he urges Gautama to desist and withdraw his desire/claim regarding it.