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Shloka 28

ब्रह्मस्वहरण-निषेधः — Prohibition of Appropriating Brahmin Property

Brahmasva

भीष्म उवाच इत्युक्त: स तदा तेन ब्रह्मास्वार्थ परंतप । हुत्वा रणमुखे प्राणान्‌ गतिमिष्टामवाप ह,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--परंतप! क्षत्रियके ऐसा कहनेपर उस चाण्डालने ब्राह्मणके धनकी रक्षाके लिये युद्धके मुहानेपर अपने प्राणोंकी आहुति दे अभीष्ट गति प्राप्त कर ली

bhīṣma uvāca | ity uktaḥ sa tadā tena brahmārtha-parantapa | hutvā raṇamukhe prāṇān gatim iṣṭām avāpa ha ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “โอ ปรันตปะ ครั้นกษัตริย์กล่าวดังนั้นแล้ว จัณฑาลผู้นั้นเพื่อพิทักษ์ทรัพย์ของพราหมณ์ ได้บูชาชีวิตตน ณ ปากประจัญบาน และบรรลุคติอันประเสริฐดังปรารถนา”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been told / addressed
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formkta (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
ब्रह्मस्वार्थेfor the sake of the Brahmin's property/interest
ब्रह्मस्वार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मस्वार्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हुत्वाhaving offered/sacrificed
हुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहु
Formktvā (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
रणमुखेat the front of battle
रणमुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणमुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्राणान्life-breaths / lives
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गतिम्state/goal (after death)
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इष्टाम्desired
इष्टाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
Formkta (from √इष्/इच्छ् in sense 'desired'), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
अवापattained
अवाप:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Parantapa (epithet addressed)
K
Kshatriya
C
Chandala
B
Brahmin
B
Brahmin’s wealth (brahmārtha)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the moral quality of an act in war depends on intention and dharmic purpose: giving one’s life to protect another’s rightful property—especially a Brahmin’s entrusted wealth—is portrayed as a meritorious sacrifice leading to an auspicious destiny (iṣṭā gati).

After being addressed by a Kshatriya, a Chandala resolves to protect the Brahmin’s wealth; he enters the battle-front and sacrifices his life there, and Bhishma reports that he attains the desired posthumous state.