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Shloka 59

Āloka-dāna (Dīpa-dāna), Sumanas–Dhūpa–Dīpa Phala: Manu–Suvarṇa and Śukra–Bali Exempla

इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवता: पितरस्तथा । ते प्रीता: प्रीणयन्तेनमायुषा यशसा धनै:,क्योंकि देवतालोग सदा गृहस्थ मनुष्योंकी दी हुई बलिको स्वीकार करते और उन्हें आशीर्वाद देते हैं। देवता, पितर, यक्ष, राक्षस, सर्प तथा बाहरसे आये हुए अन्य अतिथि आदि गृहस्थके दिये हुए अन्नसे ही जीविका चलाते हैं और प्रसन्न होकर उस गृहस्थको आयु, यश तथा धनके द्वारा संतुष्ट करते हैं

ito dattena jīvanti devatāḥ pitaras tathā | te prītāḥ prīṇayant enam āyuṣā yaśasā dhanaiḥ ||

ศุกระกล่าวว่า “ด้วยทานที่ให้กันในโลกนี้เอง เทพและปิตฤ (บรรพชน) ก็ดำรงอยู่ได้ ครั้นยินดีด้วยการให้ทานนั้นแล้ว ย่อมยังคฤหัสถ์ให้ชื่นบานด้วยอายุยืน เกียรติยศ และทรัพย์สมบัติ”

इतःfrom here/from this (source)
इतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः
Formablatival adverb
दत्तेनby what is given / by the gift
दत्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular, past passive participle (kta) from √दा (ददाति)
जीवन्तिlive / subsist
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√जीव्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formadverb
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रीताःpleased/satisfied
प्रीताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, past passive participle (kta) from √प्री (प्रीणाति/प्रीयते)
प्रीणयन्तिgladden/satisfy (cause to be pleased)
प्रीणयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√प्री
FormPresent (Lat), causative/ṇic, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
एनम्him/this person
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एनद्-प्रयोगः)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आयुषाwith/by longevity
आयुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यशसाwith/by fame
यशसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धनैःwith/by riches
धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

शुक्र उवाच

Ś
Śukra
D
Devatāḥ (gods)
P
Pitaraḥ/Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the householder’s giving—offerings, charity, and hospitality—sustains gods and ancestors, and that such generosity returns as blessings of longevity, reputation, and prosperity. It frames dāna as a pillar of social and cosmic order.

Śukra is instructing about dharma, emphasizing the gṛhastha’s role as a supporter of others through gifts and ritual offerings. He explains a moral reciprocity: beings sustained by one’s giving become pleased and confer well-being upon the giver.