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Shloka 4

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 90 — Pūror Vaṃśa, Kuru-Pravara, and the Janamejaya Line

Genealogical Recitation

ययातिरुवाच प्रतिकूल कर्मणां पापमाहु- स्तद्‌ वर्तते5प्रवणे पापलोक्यम्‌ । सनन्‍्तो<सतां नानुवर्तन्ति चैतद्‌ यथा चैषामनुकूलास्तथा55सन्‌,ययातिने कहा--पापको पुण्यकर्मोका नाशक बताया जाता है, वह नरककी प्राप्ति करानेवाला है और वह उद्दण्ड पुरुषोंमें ही देखा जाता है। दुराचारी पुरुषोंके दुराचारका श्रेष्ठ पुरुष अनुसरण नहीं करते हैं। पहलेके साधु पुरुष भी उन श्रेष्ठ पुरुषोंक ही अनुकूल आचरण करते थे

yayātir uvāca: pratikūla-karmaṇāṁ pāpam āhus; tad vartate ’pravṛṇe pāpa-lokyam. santaḥ ’satāṁ nānuvartanti caitad, yathā caiṣām anukūlāḥ tathā san.

ยยาติกล่าวว่า “บาปย่อมเกิดจากการกระทำที่ขัดต่อธรรมะ; มันนำไปสู่โลกแห่งบาป (นรก) และพบเด่นชัดในผู้ไร้การยับยั้งชั่งใจ. คนดีไม่ดำเนินตามความประพฤติชั่วของคนพาล; หากเป็นผู้มีคุณธรรมก็ประพฤติให้เหมาะสมและสอดคล้องกับธรรมะ.”

ययातिःYayāti
ययातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootययाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रतिकूलकर्मणाम्of hostile/contrary deeds
प्रतिकूलकर्मणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिकूलकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेexists/is found
वर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रवणेamong the headstrong/impetuous
प्रवणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पापलोक्यम्leading to a sinful world (hell)
पापलोक्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपापलोक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सन्तःthe good (people)
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
असताम्of the wicked
असताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुवर्तन्तिfollow/imitate
अनुवर्तन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this (conduct)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाम्of these (good people)
एषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनुकूलाःfavorable/agreeable
अनुकूलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुकूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाso/thus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सन्तःthe good (people)
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

जटद्टक उवाच

Y
Yayāti

Educational Q&A

Wrongdoing is defined as acting contrary to what is proper (dharma), and it leads to a sinful destination; therefore, the virtuous do not imitate the behavior of the wicked but maintain conduct aligned with righteousness and self-restraint.

In this passage Yayāti speaks in a didactic tone, contrasting the undisciplined who fall into sinful conduct with the virtuous who refuse to follow immoral examples, emphasizing ethical imitation and the consequences of adharma.