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Shloka 49

ययाति–देवयानी संवादः

Yayāti–Devayānī Dialogue and Śukra’s Consent

देवयान्युवाच यस्याड्रिरा वृद्धतम: पितामहो बृहस्पतिश्चापि पिता तपोनिधि: । ऋषे: पुत्र तमथो वापि पौत्र कथं न शोचेयमहं न रुद्याम्‌,देवयानी बोली--पिताजी! अत्यन्त वृद्ध महर्षि अंगिरा जिनके पितामह हैं, तपस्याके भण्डार बृहस्पति जिनके पिता हैं, जो ऋषिके पुत्र और ऋषिके ही पौत्र हैं; उन ब्रह्मचारी कचके लिये मैं कैसे शोक न करूँ और कैसे न रोऊँ

devayāny uvāca yasya āṅgirā vṛddhatamaḥ pitāmaho bṛhaspatiś cāpi pitā tapo-nidhiḥ | ṛṣeḥ putras tam atho vāpi pautraḥ kathaṃ na śoceyam ahaṃ na rudyām ||

เทวะยานีกล่าวว่า “ท่านพ่อ! กจผู้นั้นเป็นพรหมจารี ผู้มีอังคิรสฤๅษีผู้ชราที่สุดเป็นปู่ มีพฤหสปติผู้เป็นขุมทรัพย์แห่งตบะเป็นบิดา และตนเองเป็นบุตรแห่งฤๅษี ทั้งยังเป็นหลานแห่งฤๅษี แล้วข้าจะไม่โศก ไม่ร่ำไห้ได้อย่างไร?”

देवयानीDevayani
देवयानी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवयानी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अङ्गिराःAngiras
अङ्गिराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धतमःthe most aged
वृद्धतमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्धतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितामहःgrandfather
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहस्पतिःBrihaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तपोनिधिःtreasure-house of austerity
तपोनिधिः:
TypeNoun
Rootतपोनिधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषेःof the sage
ऋषेः:
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen / moreover
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पौत्रःgrandson
पौत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचेयम्might I grieve
शोचेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormOptative, First, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रुद्याम्might I weep
रुद्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootरुद्
FormOptative, First, Singular

शुक्र उवाच

D
Devayānī
A
Aṅgiras
B
Bṛhaspati
K
Kaca
Ś
Śukra (as narrative speaker heading: śukra uvāca)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of lineage and ascetic discipline: harming or losing a brahmacārin of revered ṛṣi-descent is not a trivial event, and grief here functions as a moral recognition of spiritual worth (tapas, learning, and guru-lineage).

In the Kaca–Devayānī episode, Devayānī laments Kaca’s fate and argues that someone born in the exalted Aṅgiras–Bṛhaspati line, living as a disciplined student, is worthy of protection and compassion—hence she cannot help but mourn and weep.