Shloka 30

Duḥṣanta at Kaṇva-Āśrama; Śakuntalā’s Reception and Origin Prelude (दुःषन्तस्य कण्वाश्रमागमनम्)

Devanagari script

गविष्ठश्न॒ वनायुश्न दीर्घजिद्दश्व॒ दानव: । असंख्येया: स्मृतास्तेषां पुत्रा: पौत्राश्न भारत,एकाक्ष, वीर मृतपा, प्रलम्ब, नरक, वातापी, शत्रुतपन, महान्‌ असुर शठ, गविष्ठ, वनायु तथा दानव दीर्घजिह्न। भारत! इन सबके पुत्र-पौत्र असंख्य बताये गये हैं

Transliteration

gaviṣṭhaśnaḥ vanāyuśnaḥ dīrghajihnaś ca dānavaḥ | asaṅkhyeyāḥ smṛtās teṣāṃ putrāḥ pautrāś ca bhārata ||

Translation

ควิษฐะ วนายู และทานวะทีรฆชิหน์ถูกเอ่ยนามไว้ ณ ที่นี้ โอ ภารตะ บุตรและหลานของพวกเขาถูกจดจำว่าเหลือคณานับ

Word by Word

गविष्ठःGaviṣṭha (proper name)

वनायुःVanāyu (proper name)

दीर्घजिह्नःDīrghajihna (long-tongued; proper name)

दानवःDānava (a demon; here a proper name/class term)

असंख्येयाःcountless

स्मृताःare said/are remembered (as)

तेषाम्of them

पुत्राःsons

पौत्राःgrandsons

भारतO Bhārata

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Bhārata (Janamejaya)

Gaviṣṭhaśna

Vanāyuśna

Dīrghajihna

Dānava(s)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the immensity of certain Dānava lineages—so vast that their descendants are said to be beyond counting—suggesting how expansive and persistent non-dharmic forces can be within the epic’s moral universe.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana continues a genealogical catalogue, naming specific Dānava figures and stating that their sons and grandsons are innumerable, a typical epic device to convey the breadth of beings involved in the larger history.