Shloka 33

Jaradkāru Encounters the Pitṛs

Jaratkāru-Pitṛdarśana

Devanagari script

कस्मादिदं त्वया बाल्यात्‌ सहसा दुष्कृतं कृतम्‌ । न हाहति नृप: शापमस्मत्त: पुत्र सर्वथा,तुमने मूर्खतावश बिना विचारे क्‍यों यह दुष्कर्म कर डाला? बेटा! राजा हमलोगोंसे शाप पानेके योग्य नहीं हैं

Transliteration

kasmād idaṃ tvayā bālyāt sahasā duṣkṛtaṃ kṛtam | na hāhati nṛpaḥ śāpam asmattaḥ putra sarvathā ||

Translation

เหตุใดเจ้าจึงทำความผิดนี้โดยฉับพลัน ด้วยความคะนองเยาว์? ลูกเอ๋ย พระราชามิได้สมควรได้รับคำสาปจากเราเลย.

Word by Word

• कस्मात्: from what reason? why?
• कस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

• बाल्यात्: from childhood; due to childishness
• बाल्यात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल्य
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• सहसा: suddenly; rashly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा

• दुष्कृतम्: evil deed; wrongdoing
• दुष्कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कृत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कृतम्: done; committed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ह: indeed (emphatic particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• आहति: strikes; inflicts
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + हन्
• Form: Present, Indicative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नृपः: the king
• नृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शापम्: a curse
• शापम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अस्मत्तः: from us
• अस्मत्तः: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Ablative, Plural

• पुत्र: O son
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सर्वथा: in every way; at all
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वथा

Speaker

शमीक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śamīka
• king (nṛpa)
• son (putra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Do not act from immaturity or impulse; moral judgment requires deliberation. Even when offended, one should restrain anger and avoid disproportionate punishment—especially against a king who is not truly blameworthy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śamīka addresses his son after the son has reacted rashly and committed a wrongful act (issuing a curse). Śamīka criticizes the impulsiveness and insists that the king does not deserve a curse from their family.