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Shloka 27

Jaradkāru Encounters the Pitṛs

Jaratkāru-Pitṛdarśana

अराजके जनपदे दोषा जायन्ति वै सदा | उद्वृत्तं सततं लोकं राजा दण्डेन शास्ति वै,जिस देशमें राजा न हो वहाँ अनेक प्रकारके दोष (चोर आदिके भय) पैदा होते हैं। धर्मकी मर्यादा त्यागकर उच्छुंखल बने हुए लोगोंको राजा अपने दण्डके द्वारा शिक्षा देता है

arājake janapade doṣā jāyante vai sadā | udvṛttaṁ satataṁ lokaṁ rājā daṇḍena śāsti vai ||

ในแว่นแคว้นที่ไร้กษัตริย์ ย่อมเกิดโทษและความระส่ำระสายอยู่เสมอ—ดังความหวาดกลัวโจรและภัยอื่น ๆ เมื่อผู้คนละทิ้งขอบเขตแห่งธรรมะและเกเรไม่หยุด กษัตริย์ย่อมใช้ทัณฑ์เป็นเครื่องข่มและสั่งสอนให้เข้าระเบียบ

अराजकेin a kingless
अराजके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअराजक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जनपदेcountry/realm
जनपदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दोषाःfaults/evils
दोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जायन्तिarise/are born
जायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
उद्वृत्तम्unruly/overturned (in order)
उद्वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्वृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सततम्constantly
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
लोकम्people/world
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दण्डेनby punishment/rod
दण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शास्तिrules/controls/punishes
शास्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootशास्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

शमीक उवाच

Ś
Śamīka
R
rājā (the king)
J
janapada (the realm/kingdom)
D
daṇḍa (punishment/royal chastisement)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that political authority is ethically necessary to uphold dharma in society: without a king, disorder naturally grows, and the ruler’s daṇḍa (punitive power) functions as a corrective force to restrain lawlessness and protect communal life.

Śamīka is articulating a principle of governance (rājadharma), explaining why a ruler is required: in a rulerless realm social evils arise, and the king maintains order by disciplining those who become unruly and disregard dharmic limits.