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Shloka 27

Tilottamā, Sunda–Upasunda, and the Pāṇḍava Samaya (Ādi Parva 204)

यच्च साम्नैव शक्येत कार्य साधयितुं नूप । को दैवशप्तस्तत्‌ कार्य विग्रहेण समाचरेत्‌,महाराज! जो कार्य शान्तिपूर्वक समझाने-बुझानेसे ही सिद्ध हो जा सकता है, उसीको कौन दैवका मारा हुआ मनुष्य युद्धके द्वारा सिद्ध करेगा

yacca sāmnaiva śakyeta kārya sādhayituṃ nūpa | ko daivaśaptas tat kārya vigraheṇa samācaret mahārāja ||

วิทุระกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่มหาราช กิจใดที่สำเร็จได้ด้วยสันติ—ด้วยถ้อยคำอ่อนโยนและการเกลี้ยกล่อม—แล้วผู้ใดเล่าที่ถูกชะตาสาปจะเลือกทำกิจนั้นด้วยการวิวาทและปะทะกัน?”

यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
साम्नाby conciliation/peaceful means
साम्ना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शक्येतcould be possible / could be done
शक्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular, Karmani (passive sense)
कार्यंa task/matter
कार्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
साधयितुम्to accomplish
साधयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसाध्
FormTumun (infinitive)
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दैवशप्तःcursed by fate/the divine
दैवशप्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव-शप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कार्यंtask/matter
कार्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विग्रहेणby conflict/war
विग्रहेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविग्रह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
समाचरेत्would undertake/perform
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-राज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
M
Mahārāja (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

When an aim can be achieved through sāman—peaceful counsel and conciliation—choosing vigraha (conflict) is ethically wrong and indicates delusion or misfortune. A ruler’s dharma prioritizes preserving life and social order by using the least harmful means.

Vidura is advising the king, urging him to prefer diplomatic persuasion over confrontation. He frames needless resort to conflict as a sign of being ‘daivaśapta’—as if fate-struck—thereby warning against escalating disputes into war.