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Shloka 20

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 147 — Kanyā-paridevita

The daughter’s lament on lineage and protection

न चैनानन्वबुध्यन्त नरा नगरवासिन: । अन्यत्र विदुरामात्यात्‌ तस्मात्‌ खनकसत्तमात्‌,विदुरके मन्त्री और खोदाईके काममें श्रेष्ठ उस खनकको छोड़कर नगरके निवासी भी पाण्डवोंके विषयमें कुछ नहीं जान पाते थे

na cainān anvabudhyanta narā nagaravāsinaḥ | anyatra vidurāmātyāt tasmāt khanakasattamāt ||

ชาวเมืองทั้งหลายมิได้ล่วงรู้เรื่องของเหล่าปาณฑพเลย เว้นแต่เสนาบดีของวิทุระ—นายช่างขุดผู้เลิศนั้น

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनान्these (persons)
एनान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्वबुध्यन्तunderstood / came to know
अन्वबुध्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + बुध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
नराःmen, people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नगरवासिनःcity-dwellers
नगरवासिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनगरवासिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अन्यत्रelsewhere / except
अन्यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यत्र
विदुरामात्यात्from Vidura's minister (i.e., except him)
विदुरामात्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर-अमात्य
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्from that / than that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
खनकसत्तमात्from the best miner/digger
खनकसत्तमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootखनक-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas
V
Vidura
V
Vidura’s minister/agent
K
khanaka (the miner/excavator)
T
the city/town (nagara)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical power of loyal, discreet service: when dharma is threatened, trustworthy allies and careful secrecy can safeguard the righteous without drawing harm upon the wider public.

The city residents remain unaware of the Pāṇḍavas’ circumstances; only Vidura’s trusted agent—the expert miner involved in the digging—knows, indicating a covert operation kept hidden from the public.