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Shloka 21

Āstravidyā-Pradarśana: The Kuru Princes’ Public Demonstration of Arms (आस्त्रविद्या-प्रदर्शनम्)

पूर्वजं नकुलेत्येवं सहदेवेति चापरम्‌ । माद्रीपुत्रावक थयंस्ते विप्रा: प्रीतमानसा:,उन प्रसन्नचित्त ब्राह्मणोंने माद्रीपुत्रोंमेंसे जो पहले उत्पन्न हुआ, उसका नाम नकुल और दूसरेका सहदेव निश्चित किया

pūrvajaṃ nakulety evaṃ sahadeveti cāparam | mādrīputrāv akathayaṃs te viprāḥ prītamānasāḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า— พราหมณ์เหล่านั้นผู้มีใจยินดี ได้ประกาศว่าโอรสผู้พี่ของมาทรีชื่อ “นกุล” และอีกองค์ชื่อ “สหเทว”

पूर्वजम्the elder (one), first-born
पूर्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नकुलNakula
नकुल:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as (the name)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
सहदेवSahadeva
सहदेव:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as (the name)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपरम्the other (one), the second
अपरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माद्रीपुत्रौthe two sons of Madri
माद्रीपुत्रौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
अकथयन्they said; they declared
अकथयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विप्राःbrahmins
विप्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रीतमानसाःhaving delighted minds; pleased at heart
प्रीतमानसाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीतमानस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
M
Mādrī
V
Viprāḥ (brāhmaṇas)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic social principle: identity and lineage are affirmed through community-recognized rites (here, naming by brāhmaṇas), reflecting order, legitimacy, and auspiciousness in family life.

Brāhmaṇas, pleased and approving, announce the names of Mādrī’s two sons—calling the elder Nakula and the younger Sahadeva—formally establishing their identities.