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Shloka 18

कृपकृपी-जननम्

The Birth of Kṛpa and Kṛpī; Kṛpa’s Attainment of Astras

पितृदेवर्षिमनुजैददेयं तेभ्यश्व धर्मत: । एतानि तु यथाकालं यो न बुध्यति मानव:,(उन ऋणोंके नाम ये हैं--) पितृ-ऋण, देव-ऋण, ऋषि-ऋण और मनुष्य-ऋण। उन सबका ऋण धर्मतः हमें चुकाना चाहिये। जो मनुष्य यथासमय इन ऋणोंका ध्यान नहीं रखता, उसके लिये पुण्यलोक सुलभ नहीं होते। यह मर्यादा धर्मज्ञ पुरुषोंने स्थापित की है। यज्ञोंद्वारा मनुष्य देवताओंको तृप्त करता है, स्वाध्याय और तपस्याद्वारा मुनियोंको संतोष दिलाता है

Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca: pitṛ-devarṣi-manujaiḥ dade yaṃ tebhyaś ca dharmataḥ | etāni tu yathākālaṃ yo na budhyati mānavaḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “ตามธรรมะ พึงชำระสิ่งที่พึงให้แก่บรรพชน เทพเจ้า ฤๅษี และมนุษย์ทั้งหลาย. แต่ผู้ใดไม่ตระหนักถึงพันธะเหล่านี้ให้ถูกกาล ย่อมไม่อาจเข้าถึงโลกแห่งบุญได้โดยง่าย.”

पितृto the fathers/ancestors
पितृ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
देवto the gods
देव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
ऋषिto the seers
ऋषि:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
मनुजैःby/with men (humans)
मनुजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ददेयम्should be given/paid
ददेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेभ्यःto them
तेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मतःaccording to dharma/rightly
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्मतः
एतानिthese (things/dues)
एतानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यथाकालम्at the proper time
यथाकालम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा + काल
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुध्यतिunderstands/realizes
बुध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
मानवःa man/human
मानवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas
Ṛṣis
M
Manuṣyas (human beings)

Educational Q&A

Human life is framed by dharma as a set of timely obligations—debts to ancestors, gods, seers, and fellow humans—which must be repaid through appropriate acts; neglecting them obstructs the attainment of merit and higher worlds.

Vaiśaṃpāyana, in his ongoing narration, states a general dharmic principle: people must recognize and discharge the traditional four obligations (ṛṇas) in due time; failure to do so undermines one’s spiritual and moral progress.