Shloka 21
Vṛṣotsarga (Bull-Release Gift): Procedure, Merit, and Narratives on Dharma, Karma, and Liberation
पीतवर्णो भवेद्वैश्यः शूद्रः कृष्णः स्मृतो बुधैः / यथावर्णं समुद्दिष्टो वर्णेषु ब्राह्मणादिषु
pītavarṇo bhavedvaiśyaḥ śūdraḥ kṛṣṇaḥ smṛto budhaiḥ / yathāvarṇaṃ samuddiṣṭo varṇeṣu brāhmaṇādiṣu
ผู้มีสีเหลืองจัดเป็นไวศยะ ส่วนศูทรนั้นบัณฑิตทั้งหลายจดจำว่าเป็นผู้มีสีดำ ดังนี้ลักษณะทั้งหลายได้ถูกระบุไว้ตามวรรณะ ตั้งแต่พราหมณ์เป็นต้นไป।
Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)
Concept: Each varṇa is described with conventional color markers; the teaching is classificatory and prescriptive within ritual-social order.
Vedantic Theme: Dharma as ordered conduct (vyavasthā) at the empirical level; higher non-dual vision transcends external markers (implicit).
Application: When reading/using ritual manuals, recognize the conventional nature of such markers and apply them only within their intended ritual-symbolic scope.
Primary Rasa: shanta
Type: didactic/ritual context (implied)
Related Themes: Garuda Purana śrāddha/dāna typologies: varṇa and lakṣaṇa-based prescriptions (general internal continuity)
FAQs
This verse presents a traditional, scripture-based way of describing varṇas through indicative traits, framing social identity and duties within a dharma-oriented worldview.
In the Preta Kanda, ethical order (dharma) and one’s conduct are repeatedly emphasized; such classifications function as part of the text’s wider effort to map duties and norms that shape karma and post-death consequences.
Use the verse as a reminder to focus on dharmic conduct and responsibility in one’s role and community, rather than using labels to justify pride or discrimination.