Shloka 64

Mukti-tattva Upadeśa: Knowledge as the Direct Cause of Liberation

Devanagari script

संसारजसुखासक्तं ब्रह्मज्ञो ऽस्मीतिवादिनम् / कर्मब्रह्मोभयभ्रष्टं तं त्यजेदन्त्यजं यथा

Transliteration

saṃsārajasukhāsaktaṃ brahmajño 'smītivādinam / karmabrahmobhayabhraṣṭaṃ taṃ tyajedantyajaṃ yathā

Translation

ผู้ที่ติดสุขแห่งสังสารวัฏแต่กล่าวว่า ‘เรารู้พรหมัน’ ทั้งที่เสื่อมจากทั้งกรรมอันชอบธรรมและการรู้แจ้งพรหมัน ผู้นั้นพึงละทิ้งเสีย ดุจละทิ้งคนจัณฑาล

Word by Word

• संसारज-सुख-आसक्तम्: attached to worldly-born pleasures
• संसारज-सुख-आसक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संसारज (प्रातिपदिक) + सुख (प्रातिपदिक) + आसक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—संसारात् जातम् इति संसारज; संसारजं सुखम् इति तत्पुरुष; तस्मिन् आसक्तः इति तत्पुरुष; Accusative singular qualifying ‘tam’

• ब्रह्मज्ञः: (claiming to be) a knower of Brahman
• ब्रह्मज्ञः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—ब्रह्मणः ज्ञः (knower of Brahman); Nominative singular (used ironically/apposition)

• अस्मि: I am
• अस्मि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘I am’ (within quoted claim)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उद्धरण-निपात) quotation marker ‘thus’

• वादिनम्: a claimant/speaker
• वादिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular (one who says/claims)

• कर्म-ब्रह्म-उभय-भ्रष्टम्: fallen from both ritual action and Brahman (knowledge)
• कर्म-ब्रह्म-उभय-भ्रष्टम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + उभय (प्रातिपदिक) + भ्रष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—कर्म च ब्रह्म च इति द्वन्द्व (कर्मब्रह्म), तयोः उभयम्, तस्मात् भ्रष्टः इति तत्पुरुष; Accusative singular qualifying ‘tam’

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• त्यजेत्: should abandon
• त्यजेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘one should abandon’

• अन्त्यजम्: an outcaste
• अन्त्यजम्: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्त्यज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• यथा: as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उपमा/प्रकार) ‘as/just as’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: A person attached to saṃsāra-sukha yet claiming Brahma-jñāna is doubly fallen—neither grounded in righteous action nor in realization; avoid such company.

Vedantic Theme: True Brahma-jñāna manifests as vairāgya and purity; hypocrisy indicates avidyā. Also echoes the need for adhikāritva (fitness) for jñāna.

Application: Choose satsanga carefully; align claims with conduct; cultivate consistency between insight, ethics, and lifestyle.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.49.60-63 (progressive critique: ritualism → austerity-misuse → hypocrisy)

Characters & Entities

• Brahman

FAQs

What is the importance of rejecting false renunciation in the Garuda Purana?

This verse warns that claiming Brahman-knowledge while remaining addicted to worldly pleasure is a spiritual downfall; such a person loses both dharmic karma and genuine liberating knowledge.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey after death in the Garuda Purana?

In the Preta Kanda framework, one’s post-death condition is tied to lived dharma and inner truth; hypocrisy—neither right conduct nor true realization—undermines the merits that support a favorable passage and state.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Align claims with conduct: either pursue disciplined dharma/karma sincerely or cultivate authentic detachment and self-knowledge—avoid using spiritual language to mask indulgence.