Shloka 133

Mukti-tattva Upadeśa: Knowledge as the Direct Cause of Liberation

Devanagari script

श्रुत्वा दानानि देयानि वाचकायाखिलानि च / पूर्वोक्तशयनादीनि नान्यथा सफलं भवेत्

Transliteration

śrutvā dānāni deyāni vācakāyākhilāni ca / pūrvoktaśayanādīni nānyathā saphalaṃ bhavet

Translation

ครั้นสดับแล้ว พึงถวายทานทั้งปวงตามที่กำหนดแก่ผู้แสดงธรรม และพึงปฏิบัติตามวัตรที่กล่าวไว้ก่อน เช่น ระเบียบการนอนและข้อปฏิบัติอื่น ๆ มิฉะนั้นย่อมไม่บังเกิดผล.

Word by Word

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): “having heard”

• दानानि: gifts, donations
• दानानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; nominative/accusative plural

• देयानि: should be given
• देयानि: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दा (धातु) + देय (कृदन्त प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: यत्/अनीयर्-अर्थे देय (gerundive): “to be given”; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; agreeing with दानानि

• वाचकाय: to the reciter/reader
• वाचकाय: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाचक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4), एकवचन; dative singular

• अखिलानि: all, entire
• अखिलानि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; agreeing with दानानि

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पूर्वोक्तशयनादीनि: the previously stated (items) like bedding etc.
• पूर्वोक्तशयनादीनि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्वोक्त + शयन + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: (i) पूर्वोक्त = पूर्वम् उक्त (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्राय), (ii) शयनादि = शयन + आदि (तत्पुरुष); समस्तपदम् नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), बहुवचन; “the previously mentioned beds etc.”

• न: not
• न: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)

• अन्यथा: otherwise
• अन्यथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: otherwise)

• सफलम्: fruitful, successful
• सफलम्: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सफल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; predicate adjective

• भवेत्: would be / should become
• भवेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; parasmaipada

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual completeness: śravaṇa must be followed by prescribed dāna to the vācaka and observances (niyamas) to yield phala.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga discipline: right action with proper completion purifies and supports higher aims.

Application: When undertaking a spiritual program, budget for charity/teacher support; follow the stated regimen consistently rather than selectively.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual/recitation household or sabhā

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.49.134 (honoring and gifting); Garuda Purana 2.49.132 (merit of hearing)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda
• Vācaka (reciter of the Purana)

FAQs

What is the importance of giving dāna to the reciter in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that gifts (dāna/dakṣiṇā) to the vācaka are part of the prescribed completion of listening; without them, the hearing is considered incomplete and may not yield its intended spiritual fruit (phala).

How does this verse relate to after-death rites in the Preta Kanda?

In the Preta Kanda context, hearing the text is treated as a ritual act connected with post-death welfare; the verse emphasizes that śravaṇa must be supported by prescribed charity and disciplined observances to become efficacious.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If you attend a sacred recitation or funeral-related reading, complete it ethically: support the teacher/reciter, give charity as instructed, and follow the recommended disciplines with sincerity rather than treating the recitation as a formality.