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Shloka 30

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and Dāna as the Soul’s True Companion on the Path to Yama

Devanagari script

लब्धा मया मानवदेवतोपमा मोहाद्गता सर्वमिदञ्च पार्थिव / गतिं न वीक्षेत स वै विमूढधीर्देहिन्क्वचिन्निस्तर यत्त्वया कृतम्

Transliteration

labdhā mayā mānavadevatopamā mohādgatā sarvamidañca pārthiva / gatiṃ na vīkṣeta sa vai vimūḍhadhīrdehinkvacinnistara yattvayā kṛtam

Translation

ข้าพเจ้าได้กายมนุษย์ประหนึ่งเทวะ แต่ด้วยความหลงจึงทำลายประโยชน์ทางโลกทั้งหมดให้สูญเปล่า ผู้มีปัญญามืดบอดย่อมไม่เห็นหนทางอันแท้จริง โอผู้มีร่างกาย ขอให้สักคราวหนึ่งมีความพ้นทุกข์—ด้วยกรรมที่ท่านได้กระทำไว้

Word by Word
लब्धाobtained
लब्धा:
क्रिया-विशेष्य/भाव (भावः)
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (धातु)
Formक्त-कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘obtained’ (agreeing with implied स्त्रीलिङ्ग ‘अवस्था/बुद्धिः’ or with उपमा as predicate)
मयाby me
मया:
कर्ता (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया, एकवचन
मानव-देवत-उपमाcomparable to human and divine (i.e., rare/excellent)
मानव-देवत-उपमा:
विशेषण (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानव + देवत + उपमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (मानवदेवतयोः उपमा/सदृशी)
मोहात्from delusion
मोहात्:
अपादान (अपादानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootमोह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (cause/ablative)
गताgone astray
गता:
क्रिया (क्रियापदम्)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formक्त-कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘gone/ended up’
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
कर्म (कर्मपदम्)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्म (कर्मपदम्)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
पार्थिवO king/earthly one
पार्थिव:
सम्बोधन (सम्बोधनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
गतिम्the path/goal
गतिम्:
कर्म (कर्मपदम्)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
नnot
न:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
वीक्षेतwould see/should see
वीक्षेत:
क्रिया (क्रियापदम्)
TypeVerb
Rootवीक्ष् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
विमूढ-धीःone of deluded intellect
विमूढ-धीः:
कर्ता (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविमूढ + धी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘विमूढा धीः यस्य सः’ (अर्थे बहुव्रीहिवत् प्रयोगः), रूपतः ‘धी’ इति प्रातिपदिकान्त
देहिन्O embodied one
देहिन्:
सम्बोधन (सम्बोधनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
क्वचित्ever
क्वचित्:
अधिकरण (अधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; adverb
निस्तरcross over
निस्तर:
क्रिया (क्रियापदम्)
TypeVerb
Rootनिस्तॄ (धातु)
Formलोट्, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
कर्ता (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया, एकवचन
कृतम्done
कृतम्:
क्रिया-विशेष्य/भाव (भावः)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
Speaker

Preta (departed soul) lamenting; narrated within Lord Vishnu’s discourse to Garuda

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Human birth is a rare opportunity; moha blinds one to the soul’s true path, leading to squandered life.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka vs. moha; human life as sadhana-bhumi for liberation; ignorance (avidya) obscures the jiva’s telos.

Application: Cultivate discernment (viveka) through satsanga, study, and regular remembrance of mortality; align goals with dharma and liberation.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: repeated motif of ‘human birth wasted’ and ‘not seeing gati’ in adjacent laments (2.48 context)

Characters & Entities
D
Devas
D
Dehin (embodied soul)

FAQs

This verse stresses that human life is a rare, exalted opportunity—“like a god among humans”—and that wasting it in delusion leads to regret after death.

It says the deluded embodied being does not ‘see the gati’—the true direction or destiny of the soul—implying that ignorance of dharma and the after-death trajectory leads to suffering and lamentation.

Cultivate clarity over moha: live ethically, perform dharmic duties, and choose actions that support inner growth—so that one’s ‘kṛtam’ (deeds) becomes the basis for crossing over (nistara).

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