Shloka 49

Akālamṛtyu: Preta-state Categories and the Nārāyaṇa-bali / Ekoddiṣṭa Remedy

Devanagari script

नारिकेलं शिरः स्थाने तुम्बं दद्याच्च तालुके / पञ्चरत्नं मुखे दद्याज्जिह्वायां कदलीफलम्

Transliteration

nārikelaṃ śiraḥ sthāne tumbaṃ dadyācca tāluke / pañcaratnaṃ mukhe dadyājjihvāyāṃ kadalīphalam

Translation

ที่ตำแหน่งศีรษะให้วางมะพร้าว ที่เพดานปากให้วางน้ำเต้า (gourd) ในปากให้วางรัตนะห้าประการ และบนลิ้นให้ถวายผลกล้วย

Word by Word

• नारिकेलम्: coconut
• नारिकेलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारिकेल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• शिरः: in the head / at the head-place
• शिरः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; वैकल्पिकरूपेण षष्ठी-एकवचन (शिरसः) अर्थेऽपि

• स्थाने: in the place
• स्थाने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• तुम्बम्: gourd (tumba)
• तुम्बम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुम्ब (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• दद्याच्: should give/offer
• दद्याच्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तालुके: in the palate
• तालुके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तालुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• पञ्चरत्नम्: five gems (a set of five jewels)
• पञ्चरत्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च + रत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (पञ्च रत्नानि यस्मिन्/समाहारः)

• मुखे: in the mouth
• मुखे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• दद्याज्: should give/offer
• दद्याज्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• जिह्वायाम्: on/in the tongue
• जिह्वायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• कदलीफलम्: banana fruit
• कदलीफलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कदली + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कदल्याः फलम्)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Pratīka-upacāra: using sacred substitutes to honor and ‘complete’ the body in rite; gems signify value/purity of speech and consciousness.

Vedantic Theme: Outer symbols point to inner realities; the mouth/tongue as instruments of vāṇī—purified through sacred placement.

Application: Use ritually appropriate, clean substitutes; cultivate truthful, sattvic speech (mouth/tongue symbolism) alongside the rite.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.40.50-51 (further symbolic substitutions); Garuda Purana śrāddha/antyeṣṭi passages where offerings are mapped to the departed (contextual)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of placing specific items like coconut, gourd, pañcaratna, and banana in Garuda Purana death rituals?

This verse prescribes precise ritual placements on the body—head, palate, mouth, and tongue—indicating a codified antyeṣṭi practice where offerings are arranged in specific locations as part of the rite for the departed.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey after death in the Garuda Purana?

In the Preta Kanda context, such placements function as ritual supports performed by the living for the deceased, forming part of the prescribed observances associated with the preta’s post-death condition and transition.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If one follows traditional antyeṣṭi, this verse emphasizes careful adherence to prescribed placements and procedure; otherwise, it underscores the broader principle of performing last rites with precision, reverence, and scriptural guidance.