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Shloka 64

Dharma–Adharma Marks; Daśāha, Piṇḍa Formation, Śrāddha Calendar, Śayyā-dāna, and Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa Rules

Devanagari script

तिलपात्रं तथान्नाद्यं गन्धधपादिकञ्च यत् / एकादशाहे दातव्यं तेन शूद्धो द्विजो भवेत्

Transliteration

tilapātraṃ tathānnādyaṃ gandhadhapādikañca yat / ekādaśāhe dātavyaṃ tena śūddho dvijo bhavet

Translation

ภาชนะใส่เมล็ดงา พร้อมอาหารและสิ่งทั้งหลายเช่นเครื่องหอมกับธูป—พึงถวายทานในพิธีวันที่สิบเอ็ด; ด้วยการนั้นพราหมณ์ผู้เป็นทวิชย่อมบริสุทธิ์।

Word by Word
तिलपात्रम्a vessel of sesame (seeds)
तिलपात्रम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतिल-पात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: 'sesame-vessel'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; object set for giving
तथाlikewise
तथा:
सम्बन्ध/अव्यय (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/तुल्यतार्थक (adverb: 'likewise')
अन्नाद्यम्food and the like
अन्नाद्यम्:
कर्म (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न-आद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (समाहार/निर्देश: 'food etc.'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
गन्धधूपादिकम्perfume, incense, etc.
गन्धधूपादिकम्:
कर्म (Karma)
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध-धूप-आदिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व (collective: 'fragrance and incense etc.'), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
कर्म/सम्बन्ध (Relativizer)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative pronoun referring to items listed
एकादशाहेon the eleventh day
एकादशाहे:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal locative)
TypeNoun
Rootएकादश-अह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगुसमास (numeral compound: 'eleven-day'), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; locative 'on the eleventh day'
दातव्यम्should be given
दातव्यम्:
विधेय (Predicate obligation)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृदन्त)
Formकृत्यप्रत्यय (gerundive/obligative; तव्यत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; impersonal obligation 'is to be given'
तेनby that/thereby
तेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; instrumental 'by that/thereby'
शुद्धःpurified
शुद्धः:
प्रत्यय/विशेषण (Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective qualifying द्विजः
द्विजःa twice-born (Brahmin etc.)
द्विजः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular
भवेत्should become
भवेत्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vainateya)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Ekādaśāha (11th day)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Eleventh-day gifts (sesame vessel, food, perfumes/incense) effect purification for the twice-born.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa as a purifier of saṃskāra and social-ritual order; śuddhi through prescribed action and intention.

Application: On the 11th day after death, arrange tilapātra-dāna with anna and fragrant offerings; ensure proper recipient and ritual propriety.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: household/ritual space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.34.67 (ekādaśāha onward annual offerings); Garuda Purana śrāddha chapters on dāna items (tila, anna, gandha, dhūpa)

Characters & Entities
D
Dvija

FAQs

This verse frames the eleventh-day observance as a key moment for prescribed donations (sesame vessel, food, fragrance, incense), stating that such dāna functions as a means of purification for the dvija.

Within Preta Kanda themes, it emphasizes correct ritual support through śrāddha-related giving; the focus here is on the living performer’s ritual purity and correctness, which is treated as essential in post-death rites connected to the departed’s transition.

If observing traditional bereavement rites, give charity on the 11th day—especially food and simple ritual items—done with sincerity and cleanliness, treating dāna as an act of purification and duty (dharma), not display.

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