Shloka 48

Dharma–Adharma Marks; Daśāha, Piṇḍa Formation, Śrāddha Calendar, Śayyā-dāna, and Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa Rules

प्रथमे ऽहनि यः पिण्डस्तेन मूर्धा प्रजायते / चक्षुः श्रोत्रञ्च नासा च द्वितीये ऽह्नि प्रजायते

prathame 'hani yaḥ piṇḍastena mūrdhā prajāyate / cakṣuḥ śrotrañca nāsā ca dvitīye 'hni prajāyate

จากปิณฑะที่ถวายในวันแรก ศีรษะบังเกิดขึ้น; จากปิณฑะที่ถวายในวันที่สอง ดวงตา หู และจมูกก็บังเกิดขึ้น

prathameon the first
prathame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprathama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ordinal adjective used adverbially with 'ahani'
ahaniday
ahani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
yaḥwhich/that
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
piṇḍaḥembryonic mass/lump
piṇḍaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpiṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
tenaby that/thereby
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
mūrdhāhead
mūrdhā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
prajāyateis formed/arises
prajāyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-jan (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्), Present, Ātmanepada; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; intransitive/passive sense 'is produced/comes into being'
cakṣuḥeye
cakṣuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootcakṣus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
śrotramear
śrotram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrotra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
nāsānose
nāsā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāsā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
dvitīyeon the second
dvitīye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; ordinal adjective used with 'ahni'
ahniday
ahni:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootahan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (alternate locative form of 'ahan')
prajāyateis formed/arises
prajāyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-jan (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्), Present, Ātmanepada; 3rd Person, Singular

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Day 1–2 after death (ahani/ahnaḥ sequence)

Concept: Piṇḍa-dāna supports the preta’s gradual embodiment; ritual duty sustains the departed.

Vedantic Theme: Karma and saṃskāra as operative forces shaping the jīva’s post-mortem trajectory (adhikāra of rites within vyavahāra).

Application: Perform day-wise piṇḍa offerings with attention and purity, understanding them as compassionate support for the departed.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana, Pretakalpa/Śrāddha-khaṇḍa: sequential piṇḍa effects across days (adjacent verses 2.34.49–52); Garuda Purana: preta-śarīra (subtle body) formation descriptions in nearby śrāddha sections

G
Garuda
P
Pinda

FAQs

This verse states that specific piṇḍa offerings directly support the formation of the departed being’s functional body—beginning with the head on day one and the sense-organs on day two—showing piṇḍa-dāna as a crucial post-death rite.

It presents an intermediate, ritual-supported process: the preta’s embodiment is described as developing day by day through offerings, implying that correct śrāddha and piṇḍa-dāna help the departed proceed properly in the post-mortem journey.

Perform śrāddha and piṇḍa-dāna with care and continuity (especially in the early days after death), and cultivate gratitude and responsibility toward ancestors—treating death rites as disciplined acts of dharma rather than mere custom.