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Shloka 38

Dāna for the Preta: Supreme Gifts, Yama’s Pacification, and Viṣṇu-Smaraṇa at the Time of Death

Devanagari script

स्वर्गं जीवाः सुखं यान्ति च्युताः स्वर्गाच्च मानवाः / लब्ध्वा सुखं च वित्तं च दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताः / पुत्रपौत्रैर्धनैराढ्या जीवेयुः शरदां शतम्

Transliteration

svargaṃ jīvāḥ sukhaṃ yānti cyutāḥ svargācca mānavāḥ / labdhvā sukhaṃ ca vittaṃ ca dayādākṣiṇyasaṃyutāḥ / putrapautrairdhanairāḍhyā jīveyuḥ śaradāṃ śatam

Translation

เหล่าชีวะไปสวรรค์ด้วยความสุข; ครั้นมนุษย์ตกจากสวรรค์กลับมายังโลกนี้ เมื่อได้สุขและทรัพย์สมบัติ มีเมตตาและใจกว้าง ย่อมมั่งคั่งด้วยบุตรหลานและทรัพย์ และมีอายุยืนถึงร้อยฤดูสารท.

Word by Word
स्वर्गम्to heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma (Goal/Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
जीवाःliving beings
जीवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
सुखम्happily, with pleasure
सुखम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular; क्रियाविशेषणवत्)
यान्तिgo
यान्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः (Present); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम् (3rd person plural)
च्युताःfallen, departed
च्युताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootच्युत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √च्यु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle)
स्वर्गात्from heaven
स्वर्गात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (Ablative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
मानवाःhumans
मानवाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
लब्ध्वाhaving obtained
लब्ध्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√लभ् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive)
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
वित्तम्wealth
वित्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताःendowed with compassion and generosity
दयादाक्षिण्यसंयुताः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदया (प्रातिपदिक) + दाक्षिण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सम्-√युज्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural); ‘दया च दाक्षिण्यं च’ इति द्वन्द्व-समाहारः, तेन ‘संयुत’ इति तृतीया-तत्पुरुषप्रायः (endowed with)
पुत्रपौत्रैःwith sons and grandsons
पुत्रपौत्रैः:
Karana (Accompaniment/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + पौत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental plural); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः
धनैःwith riches
धनैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental plural)
आढ्याःprosperous, wealthy
आढ्याः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआढ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative plural)
जीवेयुःmay live, should live
जीवेयुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जीव् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम् (3rd person plural optative)
शरदाम्of autumns/years
शरदाम्:
Sambandha (Measure/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive plural)
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma (Extent/Measure/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचनम्; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative singular; परिमाणार्थे)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Svarga

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Puṇya leads to svarga and happiness; after merit is exhausted, one returns to human birth, where prosperity, compassion, generosity, progeny, and longevity are described as fruits of prior merit and present virtues.

Vedantic Theme: Svarga as anitya-phala (impermanent result) within saṃsāra; ethical qualities (dayā, dākṣiṇya) refine karma and support a sattvic life conducive to higher aims.

Application: Treat prosperity as stewardship: practice generosity and compassion; remember that pleasures are transient and should be used to support dharma and spiritual progress.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Geographic Context

Type: celestial realm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: descriptions of svarga, cyuti (fall) after bhoga, and return to human birth (general internal parallel).

Characters & Entities
S
Svarga (Heaven)
J
Jivas (souls)
M
Manavas (humans)

FAQs

The verse links dayā (compassion) and dākṣiṇya (generosity) with favorable karmic outcomes—happiness in Svarga and, upon return to human life, prosperity, family continuity, and longevity.

It presents a two-stage karmic trajectory: merit can lead the jīva to Svarga, but that stay is finite; when the merit is exhausted, the being returns to human birth with residual fruits such as comfort, wealth, and a supportive lineage.

Cultivate compassion and generosity in daily life—charitable giving, kindness, and ethical conduct—since the text frames these as causes for both spiritual uplift and stable, dharmic well-being in worldly life.

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