Shloka 72

Yamamārga, Antyeṣṭi-vidhi, and Daśāhika Piṇḍa-dāna

Road to Yama and Ten-Day Offerings

Devanagari script

देहं प्राप्तः क्षुधाविष्टो गृहे द्वारे च तिष्ठति / दशमे ऽहनि यः पिण्डस्तं दद्यादामिषेण तु

Transliteration

dehaṃ prāptaḥ kṣudhāviṣṭo gṛhe dvāre ca tiṣṭhati / daśame 'hani yaḥ piṇḍastaṃ dadyādāmiṣeṇa tu

Translation

เมื่อได้กายละเอียดแล้วและถูกความหิวรบกวน เขายืนอยู่ที่ธรณีประตูเรือนของตน ดังนั้นพินฑะในวันที่สิบควรถวายพร้อมเนื้อเป็นเครื่องบูชา

Word by Word

• देहम्: the body
• देहम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• प्राप्तः: having reached / having obtained
• प्राप्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्षुधा: by hunger
• क्षुधा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षुध् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/तृतीया), एकवचन

• आविष्टः: afflicted/possessed
• आविष्टः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गृहे: in the house
• गृहे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• द्वारे: at the door
• द्वारे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• तिष्ठति: stands / remains
• तिष्ठति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• दशमे: on the tenth (day)
• दशमे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक

• अहनि: on the day
• अहनि: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• यः: which/that (who)
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)

• पिण्डः: rice-ball offering (piṇḍa)
• पिण्डः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तम्: that (piṇḍa)
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक (demonstrative)

• दद्याद्: should give
• दद्याद्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आमिषेण: with meat
• आमिषेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आमिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vainateya)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Ekoddishta

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Daśame ahani (10th day)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The departed, possessing a subtle body, remains near the home and is relieved through correctly timed offerings.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-bandha and saṃskāra-driven obligations of the living toward the departed (ṛṇa to pitṛs).

Application: Perform the tenth-day piṇḍa with the specified upacāra (here, āmiṣa) according to one’s tradition/adhikāra and local śrāddha rules.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: household threshold

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: preta lingering near home; tenth-day hunger and piṇḍa efficacy (2.15.71–75)

Characters & Entities

• Preta
• Pinda

FAQs

What is the importance of the tenth-day piṇḍa in the Garuda Purana?

This verse links the tenth-day piṇḍa to relieving the departed, who is described as standing hungry at the home’s doorway; the offering is prescribed as a direct support to the preta’s condition.

How does this verse explain the path or state of the soul after death?

It portrays an intermediate preta-state in which the departed has obtained a post-death body and experiences intense hunger, lingering near the household until proper rites and offerings are performed.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Perform post-death rites (especially piṇḍa-dāna and śrāddha) with sincerity and according to one’s tradition, focusing on the intent to nourish and support the departed rather than mere formality.