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Shloka 22

An Exposition of the Distinctions of Creation, Inert Matter, and the Lord

Devanagari script

तत्र राशित्रये सत्त्वं केवलं समुदाहृतम् / रजस्तमोभ्यां गरुड ह्यविमिश्रं ह्यतस्तु तत्

Transliteration

tatra rāśitraye sattvaṃ kevalaṃ samudāhṛtam / rajastamobhyāṃ garuḍa hyavimiśraṃ hyatastu tat

Translation

ในหมู่สามหมวดนั้น มีเพียงสัทตวะเท่านั้นที่ประกาศว่าเป็นความบริสุทธิ์. ข้าแต่ครุฑ มันไม่ปะปนกับรชัสและตมัส; เพราะฉะนั้นจึงดำรงแยกต่างหาก

Word by Word
तत्रthere; in that (set)
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/प्रसङ्गवाचक (locative adverb: ‘there/in that context’)
राशित्रयेin the triad of aggregates
राशित्रये:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootराशि + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (त्रयो राशयः), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन
सत्त्वम्sattva
सत्त्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
केवलम्only; pure
केवलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootकेवल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjectival ‘only/pure’
समुदाहृतम्is declared
समुदाहृतम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उद् + आ + हृ (धातु) → समुदाहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; passive ‘is declared’
रजस्तमोभ्याम्by rajas and tamas
रजस्तमोभ्याम्:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् + तमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (रजश्च तमश्च), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, द्विवचन (instrumental dual)
गरुडO Garuḍa
गरुड:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootगरुड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति, एकवचन
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphasis)
अविमिश्रम्unmixed
अविमिश्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + वि + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘unmixed’
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphasis)
अतःtherefore
अतः:
Hetu/Conclusion (हेतु/निगमन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्-अर्थे (therefore)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrast/emphasis)
तत्that (sattva)
तत्:
Anubandha/Reference (अनुबन्ध/निर्देश)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Among the three guṇas, sattva is described as ‘kevala’ (unmixed) relative to rajas and tamas; it is distinguished as the clarifying principle.

Vedantic Theme: Guṇa-traya viveka; sattva as the condition for knowledge and inner clarity, though still within prakṛti.

Application: Cultivate sattva (clarity, restraint, truthfulness, clean diet, steady study) to reduce rajas-tamas admixture and support meditation and right understanding.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.4.23-24 (qualification and gradations of ‘pure sattva’); Garuda Purana 3.4.25 (rajas-tamas intermixture)

Characters & Entities
G
Garuda

FAQs

This verse elevates sattva as the only “pure” quality, emphasizing that spiritual clarity and right discernment arise when the mind is predominantly sattvic and not contaminated by rajas or tamas.

By stating that sattva is unmixed and distinct, the verse implies that inner purity and clarity support higher understanding and upliftment, whereas rajas and tamas obscure perception—affecting one’s trajectory through bondage and liberation themes discussed in the Purana.

Cultivate sattva through truthful conduct, self-restraint, clean habits, and contemplative practice; reduce agitation (rajas) and inertia (tamas) to improve ethical decision-making and spiritual steadiness.

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