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Shloka 10

An Exposition of the Distinctions of Creation, Inert Matter, and the Lord

Devanagari script

गुणत्रयं प्रविष्टस्तु पुरुषो हरिरव्ययः / कार्योन्मुखं यथा भूयात्क्षोभयामास वै तथा

Transliteration

guṇatrayaṃ praviṣṭastu puruṣo hariravyayaḥ / kāryonmukhaṃ yathā bhūyātkṣobhayāmāsa vai tathā

Translation

แต่พระหริผู้ไม่เสื่อมสลาย—ปุรุษะนั้น—ได้เสด็จเข้าสู่ไตรคุณ และเพื่อให้การสร้างสรรค์หันสู่การกระทำ พระองค์จึงทรงก่อให้เกิดความกวนไหวตามนั้น

Word by Word
गुण-त्रयम्the three guṇas
गुण-त्रयम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (त्रयः गुणाः)
प्रविष्टःentered
प्रविष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रविष्ट (कृदन्त, √विश् धातु; क्त/PPP)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle)
तुindeed/but
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक निपात
पुरुषःthe Person (Puruṣa)
पुरुषः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
हरिःHari (Viṣṇu)
हरिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; पुरुषस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन
अव्ययःimperishable
अव्ययः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (imperishable)
कार्य-उन्मुखम्turned toward activity
कार्य-उन्मुखम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य (प्रातिपदिक) + उन्मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (as predicate/goal-state); तत्पुरुषः (कार्ये उन्मुखम्)
यथाso that/as
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as/so that)
भूयात्might become
भूयात्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
क्षोभयामासagitated/stirred
क्षोभयामास:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√क्षुभ् (धातु) + आम् (आम-प्रत्यय; periphrastic perfect)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect; periphrastic), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक निपात (indeed)
तथाthus
तथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/in that manner)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating cosmology to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Hari, though avyaya (imperishable), ‘enters’ the three guṇas and agitates them so that creation becomes oriented toward activity (kāryonmukha).

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as nimitta (efficient) cause guiding prakṛti; guṇa-kṣobha as the beginning of manifestation while the Supreme remains unchanged in essence.

Application: Recognize that activity and change arise from guṇas; cultivate witness-consciousness and align action with sattva and divine purpose rather than being driven by rajas/tamas.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.4.6-3.4.8 (Hari’s immanence without identity-collapse)

Characters & Entities
H
Hari (Vishnu)
P
Puruṣa
G
Guṇas (Sattva-Rajas-Tamas)

FAQs

This verse explains that manifestation begins when Hari, as Puruṣa, associates with the three guṇas, making prakṛti capable of producing the world of actions and effects.

It states that the Lord “stirs” (kṣobhayāmāsa) the guṇas so that reality becomes kāryonmukha—inclined toward producing effects—thereby initiating creation and the field in which karma operates.

Recognize how guṇas shape behavior: cultivate sattva (clarity) to guide action wisely, restrain rajas (restlessness) and tamas (inertia), and act with awareness rather than compulsion.

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