Shloka 2

Dāna-vrata and the Tīrtha Circuit of Venkaṭādri

Snāna, Mantra, Naivedya

Devanagari script

किन्नामेयं नदी विप्र किं कार्यं चात्र मे वद / जैगीषव्यस्त्वेवमुक्तो वाक्यमेतदुवाच ह

Transliteration

kinnāmeyaṃ nadī vipra kiṃ kāryaṃ cātra me vada / jaigīṣavyastvevamukto vākyametaduvāca ha

Translation

“โอ้พราหมณ์ แม่น้ำนี้ชื่อว่าอะไร? และข้าพเจ้าควรกระทำสิ่งใด ณ ที่นี้ โปรดบอกด้วย” เมื่อถูกถามดังนั้น ไชคีษัวยะจึงกล่าวถ้อยคำต่อไปนี้

Word by Word

• kim: what
• kim: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य/प्रश्न)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (interrogative)

• nāma: indeed/actually (emphasis)
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रश्ने बलवत्त्वबोधक (emphatic particle in questions)

• iyam: this
• iyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• nadī: river
• nadī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• vipra: O brāhmaṇa
• vipra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन

• kim: what
• kim: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य/प्रश्न)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• kāryam: purpose, task
• kāryam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• atra: here
• atra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक (locative adverb)

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; enclitic form

• vada: tell
• vada: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vad (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन

• jaigīṣavyaḥ: Jaigīṣavya
• jaigīṣavyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaigīṣavya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• tu: then/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, विरोध/विशेषबोधक (particle: but/indeed)

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (manner adverb)

• uktaḥ: having been spoken to
• uktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘having been addressed/asked’

• vākyam: words, statement
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• etat: this
• etat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• ha: indeed (narrative particle)
• ha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, स्मरण/इतिहाससूचक (particle used in narration)

Speaker

An unnamed questioner (traveler/seeker) addressing Sage Jaigīṣavya; narration notes Jaigīṣavya’s reply begins

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Right practice depends on right knowledge: knowing the tirtha’s name/identity and the prescribed actions there.

Vedantic Theme: Pramāṇa and sampradāya: dharma is subtle and is learned through inquiry to the knowledgeable (jijñāsā → upadeśa).

Application: Ask precise questions about place, procedure, and purpose before performing vows, pilgrimages, or donations.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha-nadi

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: tīrtha-mahātmyas framed as question–answer dialogues (general internal pattern)

Characters & Entities

• Jaigīṣavya

FAQs

What is the importance of asking the river’s name and the required action in Garuda Purana?

This verse frames a key teaching moment: identifying a specific river on the post-death route and clarifying the prescribed duty (kārya), which typically points to rites or conduct needed for safe passage.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It presents the journey as structured with landmarks (like a river) where guidance is necessary; the sage’s forthcoming explanation indicates that the after-death path involves defined stages and required actions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

It encourages seeking correct guidance on dharma and funeral/ancestral observances (e.g., śrāddha, piṇḍa-dāna) rather than acting from confusion, emphasizing informed ritual and ethical living.