Shloka 46

Veṅkaṭācala Māhātmya: Bhakti-Lakṣaṇa, Nārasiṁha-tīrtha, and the Secret Darśana-Vidhi of Śrīnivāsa

Devanagari script

गोविन्द नारायण माधवेति यूयं मया सर्वमाराधितव्यम् / सर्वे मिलित्वा पुनरेवं खगेन्द्र समारुहन्वैङ्कटाद्रिं गृणन्तः

Transliteration

govinda nārāyaṇa mādhaveti yūyaṃ mayā sarvamārādhitavyam / sarve militvā punarevaṃ khagendra samāruhanvaiṅkaṭādriṃ gṛṇantaḥ

Translation

“โควินทะ, นารายณะ, มาธวะ”—ข้าพเจ้าพึงบูชาท่านทั้งหลายโดยประการทั้งปวง แล้วเมื่อมาชุมนุมกันอีกครั้ง โอขคเอนทระ (ครุฑ) จงขึ้นสู่เขาเวงกฏาทริ พร้อมกับขับขานพระนามดังนี้

Word by Word

• govinda: O Govinda
• govinda: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: govinda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• nārāyaṇa: O Nārāyaṇa
• nārāyaṇa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• mādhava: O Mādhava
• mādhava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mādhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• iti: thus (saying)
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)

• yūyam: you (all)
• yūyam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karana (करण/instrument/agentive means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• sarvam: everything / all (that)
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ārādhitavyam: is to be worshipped / must be propitiated
• ārādhitavyam: Vidhi (विधेय/obligation predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√rādh (धातु) + tavya (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Gerundive/obligative (तव्यत्-कृदन्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); expresses necessity (कर्तव्यता)

• sarve: all (of them)
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• militvā: having assembled
• militvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/preceding action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √mil (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)

• punar: again
• punar: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punar (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• evam: thus / in this manner
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• khagendra: O lord of birds (Garuda)
• khagendra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khaga + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: khagānām indraḥ

• samāruhan: mounting / ascending
• samāruhan: Karta (कर्ता/agent, participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√ruh (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ/वर्तमान-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vaiṅkaṭa-adriṃ: the Veṅkaṭa mountain
• vaiṅkaṭa-adriṃ: Karma (कर्म/object of ascending)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiṅkaṭa + adri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: vaiṅkaṭasya adriḥ

• gṛṇantaḥ: praising / chanting
• gṛṇantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/agent, participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gṛ (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ/वर्तमान-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nāma (Govinda, Nārāyaṇa, Mādhava) is itself worship; collective kīrtana and pilgrimage-ascent embody total surrender and joyful devotion.

Vedantic Theme: Nāma as non-different from Nāmin (the Named); bhakti as an accessible means that elevates the mind toward the Supreme.

Application: Practice daily nāma-japa/kīrtana; join satsanga; undertake pilgrimage with chanting to transform travel into sādhana.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: mountain/tirtha

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.24.42-45 (devotion, warning against neglect, pilgrimage resolve)

Characters & Entities

• Govinda
• Narayana
• Madhava
• Garuda
• Venkata (Veṅkaṭādri)

FAQs

What is the importance of chanting “Govinda, Nārāyaṇa, Mādhava” in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents nāma-smaraṇa (remembering and praising Viṣṇu by His names) as a complete form of worship—“to be worshipped in every way”—indicating devotion through divine names as a direct spiritual practice.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Rather than describing punishments or after-death routes here, the verse highlights a salvific method: devotion and praise of Viṣṇu. In Garuḍa Purāṇa’s broader teaching, such bhakti supports purification and liberation-oriented living.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Adopt daily nāma-japa or kīrtana of “Govinda, Nārāyaṇa, Mādhava,” and connect it with pilgrimage/devotional remembrance (Veṅkaṭādri/Tirumala) as a disciplined practice of worship and inner steadiness.