Shloka 71

Kāraṇa-vyākhyā: Cosmic Agents, Rudra-Forms, Sense-Purity, and Ānanda-Tāratamya

Devanagari script

पाणिग्राहं रुद्रदेवो महात्मा यदा हिमाद्रेः कन्यकायाश्चकार / तस्यां परं लंपटः संबभूव अतो रुद्रः परसंज्ञामवाप

Transliteration

pāṇigrāhaṃ rudradevo mahātmā yadā himādreḥ kanyakāyāścakāra / tasyāṃ paraṃ laṃpaṭaḥ saṃbabhūva ato rudraḥ parasaṃjñāmavāpa

Translation

เมื่อพระรุทระผู้มีมหาตมันรับหัตถ์ธิดาแห่งหิมาลัยในพิธีอภิเษก ทรงหลงใหลนางยิ่งนัก; ด้วยเหตุนั้นพระรุทระจึงได้สมญา “ปร” (Para)

Word by Word

• pāṇigrāham: hand-taking (marriage rite)
• pāṇigrāham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāṇi-grāha (प्रातिपदिक: pāṇi+grāha)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया विभक्ति (acc./2nd), एकवचन (sg.); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘pāṇeḥ grāhaḥ’ (hand-taking, marriage)

• rudradevaḥ: Rudra-deva
• rudradevaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra-deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.); कर्मधारय: ‘Rudra who is a deva’

• mahātmā: great-souled
• mahātmā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.); विशेषणम्

• yadā: when
• yadā: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (when)

• himādreḥ: of Himādri
• himādreḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: himādri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी (gen./6th), एकवचन (sg.)

• kanyakāyāḥ: of the maiden/daughter
• kanyakāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyakā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), षष्ठी (gen./6th), एकवचन (sg.)

• cakāra: performed/did
• cakāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.)

• tasyām: in her
• tasyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), सप्तमी (loc./7th), एकवचन (sg.); सर्वनाम

• param: excessively/very much
• param: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (acc./2nd), एकवचन (sg.); क्रियाविशेषणवत् (as adverb: excessively)

• laṃpaṭaḥ: lustful
• laṃpaṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: laṃpaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.)

• saṃbabhūva: became/arose
• saṃbabhūva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु) उपसर्ग: sam-
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.)

• ataḥ: therefore
• ataḥ: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (therefore/from that)

• rudraḥ: Rudra
• rudraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.)

• parasaṃjñām: the name ‘Para’
• parasaṃjñām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para-saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया (acc./2nd), एकवचन (sg.); तत्पुरुष: ‘para’ इति संज्ञा

• avāpa: obtained
• avāpa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āp (धातु) उपसर्ग: ava-
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra in the Garuda Purana dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Divine līlā and nāma-prasiddhi: epithets arise from specific divine acts and qualities, inviting remembrance through names.

Vedantic Theme: Saguna-brahman upāsanā via nāma-rūpa; līlā as pedagogical revelation rather than human limitation.

Application: Use deity-epithets in japa and stotra with awareness of their narrative source; contemplate sacred relationships as symbols of unity of consciousness and power.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: mountain range

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.18 (context: divine names/attributes and cosmological hierarchies)

Characters & Entities

• Rudra (Shiva)
• Himālaya
• Pārvatī (Himālaya's daughter)

FAQs

What is the importance of Rudra being called “Para” in this verse of the Garuda Purana?

It gives an etymological, narrative reason for an epithet of Rudra—linking the name “Para” to his intense attachment after marrying Himālaya’s daughter.

How does this verse connect to the broader Garuda Purana teaching?

Within the Purana’s instructional narrative, it briefly shifts to Puranic lore that explains divine names and qualities, illustrating how epithets arise from specific mythic events.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat names, titles, and reputations as carrying moral and psychological meaning—cultivating restraint and awareness so intense attachment does not govern one’s conduct.