Shloka 31

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

एकादश्यां हरेरन्नं निः सारं परिकीर्तितम् / एकादश्यां हरेस्तीर्थं मनुष्याणां खगेश्वर

Transliteration

ekādaśyāṃ harerannaṃ niḥ sāraṃ parikīrtitam / ekādaśyāṃ harestīrthaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ khageśvara

Translation

โอ้ขคเษวร! ได้ประกาศว่าในวันเอกาทศี อาหารที่ถวายแด่พระหริเป็นสิ่ง “ไร้สาระบุญ”; และในวันเอกาทศี การถือวรตบูชาพระหริเองคือ “ตีรถะ” อันแท้จริงเพื่อชำระมนุษย์ทั้งหลาย।

Word by Word

• एकादश्याम्: on Ekadashi
• एकादश्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• हरेः: of Hari (Vishnu)
• हरेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, in nominal sentence)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; अत्र विधेय-प्रथमा (topic)

• निः: without
• निः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Prefix)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: उपसर्ग/पूर्वसर्ग (prefix), ‘without’

• सारम्: essence; value
• सारम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘निःसारम्’ इति विशेषणवत् प्रयोगः

• परिकीर्तितम्: is proclaimed
• परिकीर्तितम्: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त-क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘(अन्नम्) परिकीर्तितम्’ = ‘is declared’

• एकादश्याम्: on Ekadashi
• एकादश्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• हरेः: of Hari
• हरेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• तीर्थम्: holy water; sacred (thing)
• तीर्थम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, in nominal sentence)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र विधेय-प्रथमा (topic)

• मनुष्याणाम्: for/of humans
• मनुष्याणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• खगेश्वर: O lord of birds (Garuda)
• खगेश्वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खग (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (खगानाम् ईश्वरः)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: On Ekadashi, the true purifier is Hari’s vrata/tirtha (observance), not mere food offerings; merit lies in disciplined devotion.

Vedantic Theme: Karma becomes efficacious when aligned with sattva and Ishvara-bhakti; inner purity outweighs external abundance.

Application: Prioritize fasting/regulated diet, japa, puja, and vigil on Ekadashi; avoid treating offerings as a substitute for vrata discipline.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: ritual setting

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: Ekadashi-mahatmya and vrata-phala statements around ‘sara/asara’; Garuda Purana: Vishnu-dharma style instructions to Garuda (khageshvara)

Characters & Entities

• Hari
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of Ekādaśī in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Ekādaśī as a primary purifier for humans—an observance to Hari that functions like a tīrtha, emphasizing vrata over ordinary food-based offerings that day.

Does this verse forbid offering food to Vishnu on Ekādaśī?

It states that food (anna) to Hari on Ekādaśī is ‘niḥsāra’ (without essence/merit), implying the superior practice is Ekādaśī vrata (fasting/discipline) rather than merit-seeking through food offerings.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe Ekādaśī with restraint—fasting as appropriate, simple worship of Viṣṇu, and mindful conduct—treating the day as a focused spiritual discipline rather than a day for routine feasting or merit through food.