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Shloka 15

Jñāna-hetu-nirūpaṇa

On the Causes/Means of Knowledge

Devanagari script

ब्रह्मोवाच / रमेश लोकेश जगन्निवास तव स्वरूपं न विजानाति देवी / तव प्रसादात्सुविजानाति देवी गुणान्वेदोक्तान्सर्वदा वीन्द्र सर्वान्

Transliteration

brahmovāca / rameśa lokeśa jagannivāsa tava svarūpaṃ na vijānāti devī / tava prasādātsuvijānāti devī guṇānvedoktānsarvadā vīndra sarvān

Translation

พรหมากล่าวว่า—โอ้ รเมศะ ผู้เป็นเจ้าแห่งโลกทั้งปวง ผู้เป็นที่พำนักของจักรวาล เทวีมิอาจรู้แจ้งสภาวะรูปแท้ของพระองค์ได้โดยลำพัง แต่ด้วยพระกรุณาของพระองค์ โอ้ วีन्द्रา เทวีย่อมรู้ชัดเสมอถึงคุณลักษณะทั้งปวงของพระองค์ที่เวทประกาศไว้

Word by Word
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd person singular
रमेशO Lord of Ramā (Lakṣmī)
रमेश:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootरमा-ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘रमायाः ईशः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; vocative singular
लोकेशO Lord of the worlds
लोकेश:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक-ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘लोकानाम् ईशः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन
जगन्-निवासO abode of the universe
जगन्-निवास:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक) + निवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘जगतः निवासः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; genitive singular (‘of you/your’)
स्वरूपम्true form, nature
स्वरूपम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular
नnot
न:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
विजानातिknows, understands
विजानाति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd person singular
देवीthe Goddess (Lakṣmī)
देवी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; genitive singular
प्रसादात्from (your) grace
प्रसादात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन; ablative singular
सुwell, fully
सु:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्ग/प्रत्ययार्थे अव्यय (intensifier: ‘well/fully’)
विजानातिknows
विजानाति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd person singular
देवीthe Goddess
देवी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; accusative plural
वेद-उक्तान्spoken in the Vedas
वेद-उक्तान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक) + उक्त (वच् धातु + क्त)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘वेदेन उक्ताः’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; agrees with गुणान्
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (always)
वीन्द्रO lord of heroes
वीन्द्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘वीराणाम् इन्द्रः’); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; vocative singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; agrees with गुणान्
Speaker

Brahma

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Lord’s svarūpa is not fully grasped by any being independently; true knowing arises by His prasāda, even regarding Veda-proclaimed attributes.

Vedantic Theme: Anirvacanīya/atarkya īśvara-mahimā; knowledge as grace-assisted (anugraha-sādhya); distinction between svarūpa-jñāna and guṇa-jñāna.

Application: Pair study (śāstra) with humility and prayer; treat insight as a gift to be prepared for through purity and devotion, not as mere intellectual conquest.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: divine assembly/dialogue

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: Brahmā–Nārāyaṇa stuti dialogues in devotional portions

Characters & Entities
B
Brahma
V
Vishnu (Ramesha/Lokesha/Jagannivasa)
D
Devi (Sri)

FAQs

The verse teaches that the Lord’s true nature is not grasped merely by effort; clear knowledge arises through His prasāda, which enables even Devī to know His Veda-described attributes.

It distinguishes the Lord’s essential form (svarūpa), which is difficult to fully comprehend, from His guṇas (attributes) that are described in the Vedas and can be known clearly through grace.

Cultivate humility and devotion: study scripture for the Lord’s attributes, and pair it with prayer and ethical living, recognizing that deeper realization is supported by grace.

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