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Shloka 1

Means to Liberation: Supremacy of Hari, Proper Salutations, and Purāṇic Authority

Devanagari script

प्रेतकल्पे मोक्षोपायनिरूपणं नामैकोनपञ्चाशत्तमो ऽध्यायः श्रीगणेशायनमः / श्रीलक्ष्मीनृसिंहाय नमः / श्रीदत्तात्रेयाय नमः / श्रीवेदव्यासाय नमः / श्रीहयग्रीवाय नमः / ॐ मल्लानामशनिर्नृणां नरवरः स्त्रीणां स्मरो मूर्तिमान् गोपानां स्वजनो ऽसतां क्षितिभृतां शास्ता स्वपित्रोः शिशुः / मृत्युर्भोजपतेर्विधातृविहित स्तत्त्वं परं योगिनां वृष्णीनां च पतिः सदैव शुशुभे रङ्गे ऽच्युतः साग्रजः

Transliteration

pretakalpe mokṣopāyanirūpaṇaṃ nāmaikonapañcāśattamo 'dhyāyaḥ śrīgaṇeśāyanamaḥ / śrīlakṣmīnṛsiṃhāya namaḥ / śrīdattātreyāya namaḥ / śrīvedavyāsāya namaḥ / śrīhayagrīvāya namaḥ / oṃ mallānāmaśanirnṛṇāṃ naravaraḥ strīṇāṃ smaro mūrtimān gopānāṃ svajano 'satāṃ kṣitibhṛtāṃ śāstā svapitroḥ śiśuḥ / mṛtyurbhojapatervidhātṛvihita stattvaṃ paraṃ yogināṃ vṛṣṇīnāṃ ca patiḥ sadaiva śuśubhe raṅge 'cyutaḥ sāgrajaḥ

Translation

ในเปรตกัลปะ นี่คือบทที่สี่สิบเก้า ชื่อว่า “การอธิบายหนทางสู่โมกษะ” ขอนอบน้อมแด่ศรีคเณศ; แด่ศรีลักษมี-นฤสิงห์; แด่ศรีทัตตาเตรยะ; แด่ศรีเวทวยาส; และแด่ศรีหயครีวะ. โอม: ณ สังเวียน อจฺยุตะ (กฤษณะ) พร้อมพี่ชายผู้เป็นอัคระ ส่องประกาย—แก่เหล่านักมวยปล้ำดุจสายฟ้า; แก่มนุษย์เป็นนรผู้ประเสริฐ; แก่สตรีเป็นกามเทพผู้มีรูป; แก่ชาวโคบาลเป็นญาติสนิท; แก่คนชั่วเป็นผู้ลงทัณฑ์; แก่กษัตริย์เป็นผู้ปกครองและผู้กำกับ; แก่บิดามารดาเป็นเด็กน้อย; แก่กังสะเจ้าแห่งโภชะเป็นความตายเอง; แก่โยคีเป็นสัจธรรมสูงสุด; และแก่ชาววฤษณีเป็นพระผู้เป็นนายตลอดกาล.

Word by Word
प्रेत-कल्पेin the Preta-kalpa
प्रेत-कल्पे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेतकल्प (प्रातिपदिक; प्रेत + कल्प)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; locative singular — 'in the Preta-kalpa section'
मोक्ष-उपाय-निरूपणम्the exposition of means to liberation
मोक्ष-उपाय-निरूपणम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्षोपायनिरूपण (प्रातिपदिक; मोक्ष + उपाय + निरूपण)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; nominative singular — title/topic
नामnamed
नाम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle indicating 'called/named'
एक-ऊन-पञ्चाशत्तमःforty-ninth
एक-ऊन-पञ्चाशत्तमः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएकोनपञ्चाशत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; एक + ऊन + पञ्चाशत् + तम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ordinal adjective agreeing with अध्यायः
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
श्री-गणेशायto Lord Gaṇeśa
श्री-गणेशाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीगणेश (प्रातिपदिक; श्री + गणेश)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; dative singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग; indeclinable interjection used with dative
श्री-लक्ष्मी-नृसिंहायto Śrī Lakṣmī-Nṛsiṃha
श्री-लक्ष्मी-नृसिंहाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीलक्ष्मीनृसिंह (प्रातिपदिक; श्री + लक्ष्मी + नृसिंह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; dative singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग; salutation particle
श्री-दत्तात्रेयायto Śrī Dattātreya
श्री-दत्तात्रेयाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीदत्तात्रेय (प्रातिपदिक; श्री + दत्तात्रेय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; dative singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग
श्री-वेदव्यासायto Śrī Vedavyāsa
श्री-वेदव्यासाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीवेदव्यास (प्रातिपदिक; श्री + वेदव्यास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; dative singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग
श्री-हयग्रीवायto Śrī Hayagrīva
श्री-हयग्रीवाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीहयग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक; श्री + हयग्रीव)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; dative singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग
ॐOm
ॐ:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootॐ (अव्यय)
Formमन्त्र-प्रणव; indeclinable sacred syllable
मल्लानाम्of the wrestlers
मल्लानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootमल्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; genitive plural
अशनिःthunderbolt
अशनिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअशनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural
नर-वरःbest of men
नर-वरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनरवर (प्रातिपदिक; नर + वर)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
स्त्रीणाम्of women
स्त्रीणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural
स्मरःCupid (love)
स्मरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्मर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
मूर्ति-मान्embodied
मूर्ति-मान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्तिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; adjective meaning 'embodied'
गोपानाम्of the cowherds
गोपानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootगोप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural
स्व-जनःtheir own kinsman
स्व-जनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वजन (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + जन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
असताम्of the wicked
असताम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural — 'of the wicked'
क्षिति-भृताम्of kings (earth-bearers)
क्षिति-भृताम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षितिभृत् (प्रातिपदिक; क्षिति + भृत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural — 'of kings'
शास्ताruler/disciplinarian
शास्ता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशास्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
स्व-पित्रोःof his own parents
स्व-पित्रोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वपितृ (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + पितृ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), द्विवचन; genitive dual — 'of his own parents'
शिशुःchild
शिशुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशिशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
भोज-पतेःof the Bhoja king
भोज-पतेः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootभोजपति (प्रातिपदिक; भोज + पति)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; genitive singular — 'of the lord of Bhojas'
विधातृ-विहितम्ordained by the Creator
विधातृ-विहितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविधातृविहित (प्रातिपदिक; विधातृ + विहित)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; adjective qualifying तत्त्वम्
तत्त्वम्principle/reality
तत्त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; adjective qualifying तत्त्वम्
योगिनाम्of yogis
योगिनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयोगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural
वृष्णीनाम्of the Vṛṣṇis
वृष्णीनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्णि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; genitive plural
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय; conjunction
पतिःlord
पतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
सदाalways
सदा:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय; adverb
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय; emphatic particle
शुशुभेshone
शुशुभे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; parasmaipada — 'shone'
रङ्गेin the arena
रङ्गे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootरङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; locative singular
अच्युतःAcyuta (Kṛṣṇa)
अच्युतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअच्युत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
स-अग्रजःwith his elder brother
स-अग्रजः:
Sahakaraka (सहकारक)
TypeAdjective
Rootसाग्रज (प्रातिपदिक; स + अग्रज)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; adjective used substantively — 'with elder brother'
Speaker

Narrator/Compiler (Garuda Purana framing; invocatory and eulogistic opening rather than Vishnu–Garuda dialogue)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The one Lord appears according to the beholder’s disposition—protector, beloved, ruler, death, or supreme truth—revealing His all-pervading sovereignty and intimacy.

Vedantic Theme: Ekaṃ sat—one reality apprehended diversely; īśvara as both immanent and transcendent; the Lord as paramatattva for yogins.

Application: Cultivate a devotional lens (bhāva) and ethical purification so perception of the divine shifts from fear/hostility to refuge and truth.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: arena

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: chapter framing ‘mokṣopāya-nirūpaṇa’ with maṅgalācaraṇa and Hari-stuti (structural parallel within the text)

Characters & Entities
G
Ganesha
L
Lakshmi-Nrisimha
D
Dattatreya
V
Vedavyasa
H
Hayagriva
A
Acyuta (Krishna)
B
Balarama
K
Kamsa (Bhojapati)
V
Vrsnis
Y
Yogins

FAQs

It signals a focused teaching section on practical and philosophical means to attain liberation, placed within the Preta-kalpa context where after-death concerns are linked to ultimate release.

Before detailing liberation methods, the text invokes revered deities and praises Acyuta as the supreme reality for yogins—establishing devotion to Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa as a guiding framework for mokṣa-oriented instruction.

Begin any study or ritual (including śrāddha-related learning) with reverence and a mokṣa-intent mindset, remembering the Divine as the inner truth and moral compass that disciplines adharma.

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