Shloka 13

Manvantara Catalog: Fourteen Manus, Their Sons, Saptarishis, Indras, Deva-Hosts, and the 18 Vidyās

Devanagari script

मत्स्यरूपी हरिर्विष्णुस्तं जघान च दानवम् / तामसस्य मनोः पुत्रा जानुजङ्घो ऽथ निर्भयः

Transliteration

matsyarūpī harirviṣṇustaṃ jaghāna ca dānavam / tāmasasya manoḥ putrā jānujaṅgho 'tha nirbhayaḥ

Translation

พระหริ-วิษณุผู้ทรงอวตารเป็นปลามัตสยะ ได้สังหารอสูรทานวะนั้น แล้วจึงกล่าวถึงชานุชังคะ ผู้ไร้ความหวาดหวั่น บุตรแห่งตมสมนู

Word by Word

• मत्स्यरूपी: having the form of a fish
• मत्स्यरूपी: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत्स्य (प्रातिपदिक) + रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — हरिः/विष्णुः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• हरिः: Hari
• हरिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular)

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — हरिः इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचनम् (Accusative singular)

• जघान: slew/killed
• जघान: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect); प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम् (3rd person singular) परस्मैपदम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दानवम्: the demon
• दानवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचनम् (Accusative singular) — ‘तम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• तामसस्य: of Tāmasa
• तामसस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तामस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचनम् (Genitive singular) — मनुः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• मनोः: of Manu
• मनोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचनम् (Genitive singular)

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचनम् (Nominative plural)

• जानुजङ्घः: Jānujaṅgha (name)
• जानुजङ्घः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जानु (प्रातिपदिक) + जङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — पुत्रेषु एकः (name)

• अथ: then/next
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनन्तरार्थक/प्रस्तावक (then/now)

• निर्भयः: fearless
• निर्भयः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम् (Nominative singular) — जानुजङ्घः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narration to Garuda / Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Viṣṇu’s avatāra acts to remove adharma (Dānava) and restore order; divine protection is responsive to cosmic imbalance.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as protector (rakṣaka) who manifests through avatāra for loka-saṅgraha; the Lord’s līlā within māyā while remaining transcendent.

Application: Cultivate remembrance of Viṣṇu as protector in crises; interpret ‘inner demons’ (pride, violence) as Pralamba-like forces to be subdued through disciplined devotion.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: mythic oceanic expanse

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.87.12 (Pralamba named); Garuda Purana 1.87 (continuing Manu/Indra/ṛṣi enumerations)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu (Hari)
• Matsya (Fish-avatara)
• Danava (demon)
• Tāmasa Manu
• Jānujangha

FAQs

What is the importance of Matsya (Fish) form in the Garuda Purana?

This verse recalls Vishnu’s Matsya form as a protector of cosmic order, emphasizing that divine intervention removes demonic obstacles to dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it frames the Garuda Purana’s teachings within a dharmic universe where divine guardianship and moral order underpin later discussions on karma and post-death consequences.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate fearlessness grounded in dharma—recognizing that protection of truth and right conduct is central to spiritual life.