Shloka 36

Nirūpaṇa (Nāḍī–Svara-Nirūpaṇam): Breath Currents, Omens, and Action-Timing

Devanagari script

जयं पराजयं चैव यो जानाति स पण्डितः / वामे वा दक्षिणे वापि यत्र सञ्चरते शिवम्

Transliteration

jayaṃ parājayaṃ caiva yo jānāti sa paṇḍitaḥ / vāme vā dakṣiṇe vāpi yatra sañcarate śivam

Translation

ผู้ใดรู้ทั้งชัยและพ่าย ผู้นั้นแลเป็นบัณฑิต; ไม่ว่าลางมงคลจะเคลื่อนไปทางซ้ายหรือขวา ณ ที่ใดก็ตาม

Word by Word

• जयम्: victory
• जयम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पराजयम्: defeat
• पराजयम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराजय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• जानाति: knows
• जानाति: Kriya (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पण्डितः: a learned person
• पण्डितः: Pradhana (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्डित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-नाम (predicate noun)

• वामे: on the left
• वामे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (locative)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• दक्षिणे: on the right
• दक्षिणे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कार-अव्यय (also/even)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• सञ्चरते: moves/flows
• सञ्चरते: Kriya (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्√चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदी; उपसर्गः सम्

• शिवम्: auspiciousness/good fortune
• शिवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मपद (object)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: True paṇḍitatva is comprehensive knowledge: understanding both jaya and parājaya and the conditions/signs that indicate them.

Vedantic Theme: Samatva (even-mindedness) amid dualities; knowledge includes grasping opposites without delusion.

Application: Prepare for both success and failure; evaluate indicators on both sides (pros/cons) before acting; cultivate non-reactive clarity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: body-sides (vāma/dakṣiṇa) as directional microcosm

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.67 (left/right śakuna and victory-defeat logic)

Characters & Entities

• Shivam (auspiciousness)

FAQs

What is the importance of victory and defeat (jaya–parājaya) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames true wisdom as equanimity and clear understanding of both outcomes, rather than being ruled by fear or attachment to success.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it emphasizes steadiness of mind and discernment—qualities repeatedly taught as essential for dharmic living, which shapes one’s post-death trajectory through karma.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Act with dharma and clarity even when signs feel favorable or unfavorable; don’t let “good/bad omens” override ethical judgment and disciplined action.