Shloka 71

Āhnika-Dharma: Dawn Purification, Sandhyā-Upāsanā, Tarpana, Pañca-Mahāyajñas, and Aśauca Rules

Devanagari script

वैश्वदेवस्तु कर्तव्यो देवयज्ञः स तु स्मृतः / भूतयज्ञःऋ स वै ज्ञेयो भूतेभ्यो यस्त्वयं बलिः

Transliteration

vaiśvadevastu kartavyo devayajñaḥ sa tu smṛtaḥ / bhūtayajñaḥṛ sa vai jñeyo bhūtebhyo yastvayaṃ baliḥ

Translation

พึงประกอบพิธีไวศวเทวะ; นั่นแลเป็นเทวยัชญะตามคัมภีร์จดจำไว้ และบลีที่ถวายแก่สรรพชีวิต พึงรู้ว่าเป็นภูตยัชญะ

Word by Word

• वैश्वदेवः: Vaiśvadeva rite (offering to all deities)
• वैश्वदेवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśvadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha/Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक

• कर्तव्यः: to be done/should be performed
• कर्तव्यः: Vidheyavisheshana (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + tavya (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• देवयज्ञः: deity-sacrifice (deva-yajña)
• देवयज्ञः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (देवानां यज्ञः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सः: that/it
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha/Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• स्मृतः: is said/remembered (as)
• स्मृतः: Vidheyavisheshana (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भूतयज्ञः: offering to beings (bhūta-yajña)
• भूतयज्ञः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक) + yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (भूतानां यज्ञः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सः: that/it
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha/Emphasis
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• ज्ञेयः: to be known/should be understood
• ज्ञेयः: Vidheyavisheshana (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jñā (धातु) + ya (यत्)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• भूतेभ्यः: to the beings
• भूतेभ्यः: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th case), बहुवचन

• यः: which/that (who)
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha/Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• बलिः: offering/portion (bali)
• बलिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vaiśvadeva as devayajña; bali to beings as bhūtayajña—daily reciprocity sustaining cosmic and social order.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-ārpaṇa-buddhi and loka-saṅgraha as purifying karma (karma-yoga orientation).

Application: Maintain a daily offering practice: a small portion of food mentally dedicated first to devas, then shared with living beings as a disciplined habit.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: household (griha)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Ācāra sections): pañca-mahāyajña and śrāddha-related duties (general thematic continuity)

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Bhutas (living beings/creatures)

FAQs

What is the importance of Vaiśvadeva in the Garuda Purana?

This verse defines Vaiśvadeva as devayajña—an obligatory daily offering that aligns the householder with deva-oriented duty and merit.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By prescribing daily yajñas (devayajña and bhūtayajña), it points to karma-based purification: regular dharmic offerings support auspicious outcomes in post-death journeys described elsewhere in the Garuda Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain a daily rhythm of gratitude and giving—offer a small portion in worship (devayajña) and feed/serve living beings (bhūtayajña) as a concrete discipline of dharma.