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Shloka 12

Nāma-mahātmya: Liberation through Salutation, Chanting, and the Mantra “Namo Nārāyaṇāya”

Devanagari script

अवशेनापि यन्नाम्नि कीर्तिते सर्वपातकैः / पुमान् विमुच्यते सद्यः सिंहत्रस्तो मृगा यथा / बद्धः परिकरस्तेन मोक्षाय गमनं प्रति

Transliteration

avaśenāpi yannāmni kīrtite sarvapātakaiḥ / pumān vimucyate sadyaḥ siṃhatrasto mṛgā yathā / baddhaḥ parikarastena mokṣāya gamanaṃ prati

Translation

แม้เอ่ยพระนามนั้นโดยไม่ตั้งใจ เมื่อพระนามถูกกล่าวขึ้น บุคคลย่อมหลุดพ้นจากบาปทั้งปวงโดยฉับพลัน ดุจสัตว์ทั้งหลายหนีด้วยความหวาดกลัวสิงห์ และเมื่อผูกพระนามทิพย์นั้นเป็นเสบียงและที่พึ่ง ก็ย่อมก้าวไปสู่การเดินทางแห่งโมกษะ

Word by Word
अवशेनinvoluntarily
अवशेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअवश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; अर्थः: 'by compulsion/helplessly'
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअप्यर्थक-अव्यय (even)
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (Relative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative) — 'which'
नाम्निin the name (i.e., when the name is)
नाम्नि:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
कीर्तितेis uttered/praised
कीर्तिते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकीर्तित (कृदन्त; √कीर्त्/√कीर् धातु)
Formलट् (Present) कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः: 'is uttered/praised'
सर्वपातकैःby all sins (i.e., despite all sins)
सर्वपातकैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + पातक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: 'सर्वाणि पातकानि' (all sins)
पुमान्a man
पुमान्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
विमुच्यतेis freed
विमुच्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)
Formलट् (Present) कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः: 'is released'
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time: 'immediately')
सिंहत्रस्तःfrightened by a lion
सिंहत्रस्तः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसिंह + त्रस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'सिंहेन त्रस्तः' (frightened by a lion)
मृगःa deer
मृगः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
यथाas
यथा:
Sambandha (Comparator/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्यय (comparative: 'as/like')
बद्धःbound
बद्धः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध (कृदन्त; √बन्ध् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त — 'bound'
परिकरःbondage/encumbrance
परिकरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपरिकर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; अर्थः: 'equipment/retinue; here: bondage/encumbrance'
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; संदर्भः: 'by that (name/act)'
मोक्षायfor liberation
मोक्षाय:
Sampradana (Purpose/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन
गमनम्going
गमनम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगमन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; क्रियानाम (verbal noun)
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Sambandha (Direction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय/पूर्वसर्ग (preposition-like indeclinable: 'towards')
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nāma-mahātmyam: even inadvertent utterance of the divine Name destroys pāpa; taking the Name as one’s ‘parikara’ (equipment/support) propels one toward mokṣa.

Vedantic Theme: Grace (anugraha) mediated through nāma; pāpa-kṣaya as removal of obstacles; bhakti as direct means leading to liberation.

Application: Keep the Name close—audibly or mentally—especially in stress or at life’s end; treat nāma as your constant ‘kit’: remembrance, restraint, and return.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: nāma as protector in death-transition and remover of sins (thematic)

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
M
Moksha

FAQs

This verse states that uttering the Divine Name—even unintentionally—destroys the burden of sins and becomes a decisive support that turns the soul toward moksha.

It presents remembrance/utterance of the Divine Name as an immediate purifier that reorients one’s journey away from the consequences of sin and toward liberation.

Cultivate regular nāma-japa or nāma-kīrtana so that remembrance of the Divine becomes natural, especially in stressful moments and at life’s end.

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