Shloka 2

Yuga-Dharma, Kalpa Measure, Purāṇa Definitions, and the Kali-Yuga Power of Nāma-Kīrtana

Devanagari script

तर्पणेन च होमेन सन्ध्याया वन्दनेन च / प्राप्यते भगवान् विष्णुर्धर्मकामार्थमोक्षदः

Transliteration

tarpaṇena ca homena sandhyāyā vandanena ca / prāpyate bhagavān viṣṇurdharmakāmārthamokṣadaḥ

Translation

ด้วยการทำตัรปณะ การบูชาโหมะ และการสวดสันธยา-วันทนะ ย่อมบรรลุพระผู้เป็นเจ้า วิษณุ ผู้ประทานธรรมะ กามะ อรรถะ และโมกษะ

Word by Word

• तर्पणेन: by libation/oblations (tarpana)
• तर्पणेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्पण (प्रातिपदिक; √तृप् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (by/with)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• होमेन: by fire-offering (homa)
• होमेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होम (प्रातिपदिक; √हु धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• सन्ध्यायाः: of the twilight-prayer (sandhyā)
• सन्ध्यायाः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; Genitive singular (of)

• वन्दनेन: by salutation/worship (vandanam)
• वन्दनेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन्दन (प्रातिपदिक; √वन्द् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• प्राप्यते: is attained
• प्राप्यते: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √आप् (धातु) + प्र- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लट्-लकार, कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Present indicative, 3rd sg, passive

• भगवान्: the Blessed Lord
• भगवान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• विष्णुः: Vishnu
• विष्णुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (apposition to भगवान्)

• धर्मकामार्थमोक्षदः: giver of dharma, desire, prosperity, and liberation
• धर्मकामार्थमोक्षदः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + काम + अर्थ + मोक्ष + द (प्रातिपदिक; √दा धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (धर्मादीन् ददाति इति); Nominative singular adjective qualifying विष्णुः

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nitya-karmas (tarpaṇa, homa, sandhyā-vandana) become Viṣṇu-upāsanā and lead to Viṣṇu who grants dharma-artha-kāma-mokṣa.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-prāpti through karma offered as worship (karma-yoga orientation culminating in bhakti and mokṣa).

Application: Maintain daily sandhyā-vandana, perform homa as capacity allows, and do tarpaṇa with devotion, mentally offering all acts to Viṣṇu and aligning life with the puruṣārthas.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta-kalpa/ācāra sections): praise of Viṣṇu-nāma and nitya-karmas as purifying; Garuda Purana: śrāddha/tarpaṇa discussions where water-offerings are meritorious when done with mantra and faith

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Sandhya

FAQs

What is the importance of tarpaṇa, homa, and Sandhyā-vandana in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents them as core daily rites that directly lead to attaining Lord Viṣṇu, making them practical supports for both worldly well-being and spiritual liberation.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul toward mokṣa?

It links liberation to disciplined sacred practice—regular worship, offerings, and prayer—culminating in devotion to Viṣṇu, who is explicitly called the giver of mokṣa.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Maintain consistent daily spiritual discipline—twilight prayer, simple offerings, and remembrance of Viṣṇu—so that ethical living (dharma) and inner freedom (mokṣa) develop together.