Shloka 16

Yuga-Dharma, Kalpa Measure, Purāṇa Definitions, and the Kali-Yuga Power of Nāma-Kīrtana

Devanagari script

मार्कण्डेयं तथाग्नेयं ब्रह्मवैवर्तमेव च / कौर्मं मात्स्यं गारुडञ्च वायवीयमनन्तरम् / अष्टादशसमुद्दिष्टं ब्रह्माण्डमिति संज्ञितम्

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeyaṃ tathāgneyaṃ brahmavaivartameva ca / kaurmaṃ mātsyaṃ gāruḍañca vāyavīyamanantaram / aṣṭādaśasamuddiṣṭaṃ brahmāṇḍamiti saṃjñitam

Translation

เช่นเดียวกันมีมารกัณฑेय อาคเนยะ พรหมไววรรตะ; กูรมะ มาตสยะ คารุฑะ และต่อมาคือวายวียะ (ปุราณะ) ดังนี้ในบรรดาปุราณะทั้งสิบแปดที่กล่าวไว้ มีหนึ่งที่เรียกว่า ‘พรหมาณฑะ’

Word by Word

• मार्कण्डेयम्: Mārkaṇḍeya (Purāṇa)
• मार्कण्डेयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्कण्डेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• तथा: also
• तथा: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (also)

• आग्नेयम्: Āgneya (Purāṇa)
• आग्नेयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आग्नेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• ब्रह्मवैवर्तम्: Brahmavaivarta (Purāṇa)
• ब्रह्मवैवर्तम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्म + वैवर्त (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (ब्रह्मणः वैवर्तम्)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Discourse (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• कौर्मम्: Kaurma (Purāṇa)
• कौर्मम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• मात्स्यम्: Mātsya (Purāṇa)
• मात्स्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मात्स्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• गारुडम्: Gāruḍa (Purāṇa)
• गारुडम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गारुड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• वायवीयम्: Vāyavīya (Purāṇa)
• वायवीयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायवीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (पुराणनाम)

• अनन्तरम्: next / thereafter
• अनन्तरम्: Discourse (क्रम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (next/thereafter)

• अष्टादशसमुद्दिष्टम्: enumerated as eighteen
• अष्टादशसमुद्दिष्टम्: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अष्टादश + सम्-उद्-√दिश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) ‘समुद्दिष्ट’; पूर्वपद द्विगु (अष्टादश)

• ब्रह्माण्डम्: Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
• ब्रह्माण्डम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (ब्रह्मणः अण्डम्)

• इति: thus / called
• इति: Discourse (उद्धरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक (quotative)

• संज्ञितम्: is named / designated
• संज्ञितम्: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-√ज्ञा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Completion of the eighteen-Purāṇa enumeration and recognition of Brahmāṇḍa as one among them; canon as a complete set.

Vedantic Theme: Cosmic totality (brahmāṇḍa) as a pedagogical frame; many narratives serving one coherent worldview.

Application: Build a balanced curriculum across Purāṇas; cross-check themes and narratives across texts to avoid sectarian narrowness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.223.15 (preceding list); Garuda Purana 1.223.14 (Purāṇa-lakṣaṇa)

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
• Āgneya Purāṇa
• Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa
• Kūrma Purāṇa
• Matsya Purāṇa
• Garuḍa Purāṇa
• Vāyavīya (Vāyu) Purāṇa
• Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa

FAQs

What is the importance of listing the eighteen Purāṇas in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

This verse situates the Garuḍa Purāṇa within the recognized corpus of eighteen Purāṇas and affirms the traditional scriptural map used for study and authority.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul or afterlife teachings?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey; instead, it frames the broader Purāṇic tradition in which teachings on dharma, karma, rites, and afterlife topics are transmitted.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a guide for structured study—consult related Purāṇas for specific topics (ritual, ethics, cosmology), while keeping the Garuḍa Purāṇa as a key reference for dharma and rites.