Shloka 24

Ācāra-Nirṇaya: Varṇa-Āśrama Dharma, Śauca, Snāna, Sandhyā, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and Gṛhastha-Dinacaryā

Devanagari script

ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चानुचिन्तयेत् / कायक्लेशांश्च तन्मूलान्वेदतत्त्वार्थमेव च

Transliteration

brāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau cānucintayet / kāyakleśāṃśca tanmūlānvedatattvārthameva ca

Translation

พึงตื่นในพราหมมุหูรตะ แล้วใคร่ครวญธรรมะและอรรถะ อีกทั้งพิจารณาความทุกข์แห่งกายและรากเหตุของมัน และความหมายแท้แห่งสัจธรรมพระเวทด้วย।

Word by Word

• ब्राह्मे: in the Brahma (early)
• ब्राह्मे: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्राह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; विशेषण (मुहूर्ते)

• मुहूर्ते: at the muhurta (time period)
• मुहूर्ते: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• बुध्येत: should awaken
• बुध्येत: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• धर्मार्थौ: dharma and artha
• धर्मार्थौ: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिकौ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (धर्मश्च अर्थश्च)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordinator/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• अनुचिन्तयेत्: should reflect upon
• अनुचिन्तयेत्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• कायक्लेशान्: bodily afflictions
• कायक्लेशान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काय + क्लेश (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषसमास (कायस्य क्लेशाः)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordinator/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• तन्मूलान्: their causes/roots
• तन्मूलान्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् + मूल (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषसमास (तेषां मूलानि/मूलभूताः) विशेषण (कायक्लेशान्)

• वेदतत्त्वार्थम्: the meaning of Vedic truth/principle
• वेदतत्त्वार्थम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद + तत्त्व + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (वेदस्य तत्त्वस्य अर्थः)

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordinator/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Rise at brāhma-muhūrta; contemplate dharma and artha, examine bodily suffering and its causes, and reflect on the true meaning of Vedic reality.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka (discrimination) and duḥkha-hetu-vicāra leading toward vairāgya; śāstra-vicāra as a doorway to tattva-jñāna.

Application: Wake early; do a short review of duties and livelihood; journal or meditate on sources of stress/illness and their roots; study a small portion of śāstra with meaning.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temporal (sacred time)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.213.25-26 (śauca, snāna, sandhyā)

Characters & Entities

• Veda

FAQs

What is the importance of Brahma Muhurta in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats brāhma-muhūrta as the ideal time to awaken and align the mind with dharma, purposeful living (artha), and Vedic truth—setting a disciplined spiritual foundation for the day.

How does this verse relate to suffering and its causes?

It advises reflecting on bodily afflictions (kāya-kleśa) together with their root causes (tan-mūla), implying that wise living includes diagnosing the origins of suffering rather than only reacting to symptoms.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Wake earlier, spend a few minutes reviewing ethical priorities (dharma), responsible goals (artha), observe health and habits that create distress, and study or recall a Vedic teaching that clarifies right understanding.