Shloka 2

Chandas-Lakṣaṇa: Upacitraka, Vegavatī, Bhadravirāṭ, Viparītākhyānaka, Vaitālīya

Aparavaktra

Devanagari script

गः पादे विषमे ऽन्यत्र नजौ ज्यौ च गणौ स्मृतौ

Transliteration

gaḥ pāde viṣame 'nyatra najau jyau ca gaṇau smṛtau

Translation

ในบาทคี่ใช้คณะ (คณะฉันท์) ชื่อ ‘คะ’ (ga); นอกนั้นกำหนดให้ใช้ ‘นะ’ (na), ‘จะ’ (ja) และ ‘ชยะ’ (jya) ด้วย

Word by Word

• gaḥ: the ga (gaṇa)
• gaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ga (छन्दः-गणनाम; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; छन्दः-गणनाम

• pāde: in the pāda
• pāde: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• viṣame: in the odd (one)
• viṣame: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• anyatra: elsewhere/otherwise
• anyatra: Adhikarana/Sequence (Context/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anyatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/विषयबोधक-अव्यय (adverb: elsewhere/otherwise)

• najau: najau (gaṇa)
• najau: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: najau (छन्दः-गणनाम; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन/बहुवचन-प्रयोग (technical listing form)

• jyau: jyau (gaṇa)
• jyau: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jyau (छन्दः-गणनाम; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन/बहुवचन-प्रयोग (technical listing form)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• gaṇau: two gaṇas
• gaṇau: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन

• smṛtau: are stated/are known
• smṛtau: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (धातु) + ta (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle) पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; ‘are said/are remembered’

Speaker

Traditional narrator/teacher voice within the Brahma Kanda (prosody instruction; not a Yama-loka dialogue)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.210 (gaṇa placement rules across pādas)

Characters & Entities

• Gaṇa (prosody unit)
• Pāda (metrical quarter)
• Chandas (metre)

FAQs

What is the importance of chandas (metre) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves a technical rule for arranging gaṇas across pādas, helping ensure correct metrical scanning and accurate recitation of Purāṇic ślokas.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not address afterlife doctrine directly; it is a chandas instruction used to maintain the correct poetic form in verses, including those that describe karma, death rituals, and Yama’s realm elsewhere in the Garuda Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a mnemonic for metre-checking while chanting or digitizing: in odd pādas apply the ‘ga’ gaṇa rule; otherwise follow the ‘na/ja/jya’ gaṇa pattern to keep the verse rhythm intact.