Shloka 75

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

काशपात्रञ्च संप्रोक्तो द्रोणश्चचतुराढके / तुला पलशतं प्रोक्तं भागो विंशत्पलः स्मृतः

Transliteration

kāśapātrañca saṃprokto droṇaścacaturāḍhake / tulā palaśataṃ proktaṃ bhāgo viṃśatpalaḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

กล่าวไว้ว่า ‘กาศปาตระ’ เป็นภาชนะมาตรฐาน และ ‘โทรณะ’ มีสี่ ‘อาฑกะ’ ‘ตุลา’ ว่ากันว่าเท่ากับหนึ่งร้อยปละ และ ‘ภาคะ’ จำกันว่าเท่ากับยี่สิบปละ.

Word by Word

• काशपात्रम्: a kāśa-vessel (measure)
• काशपात्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश + पात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (kāśasya pātram)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयबोधकः (conjunction)

• संप्रोक्तः: is declared; is stated
• संप्रोक्तः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + √प्रवच्/√प्रोच् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्

• द्रोणः: a droṇa (measure)
• द्रोणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयबोधकः (conjunction)

• चतुराढके: in four āḍhakas; consisting of four āḍhakas
• चतुराढके: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर् + आढक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचनम्; द्विगु-समासः (चत्वारः आढकाः यस्मिन्)

• तुला: a tulā (weight unit)
• तुला: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचनम्

• पलशतम्: one hundred palas
• पलशतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पल + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्; द्विगु-समासः (शतं पलानि)

• प्रोक्तम्: is said; is declared
• प्रोक्तम्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• भागः: a bhāga (portion/unit)
• भागः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचनम्

• विंशत्पलः: twenty palas
• विंशत्पलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विंशति + पल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचनम्; द्विगु-समासः (विंशतिः पलाः)

• स्मृतः: is remembered; is held to be
• स्मृतः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्मृ (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Standard vessels and weights as instruments of satya (truthfulness) and ahiṃsā (non-harm) in economic and ritual life.

Vedantic Theme: Ethical order in vyavahāra (worldly dealings) as part of dharmic karma; purity of means.

Application: Use recognized standards: droṇa = 4 āḍhakas; tulā = 100 palas; bhāga = 20 palas; rely on standard vessels (kāśapātra) to prevent fraud and ritual deficiency.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204.72-74, 1.204.76

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of defining measures like droṇa, tulā, and pala in the Garuda Purana?

This verse standardizes units used for ritual offerings, ensuring śrāddha and related rites are performed with accuracy and dharmic correctness.

How does this verse relate to the Garuda Purana’s teachings on the after-death journey?

The text emphasizes precise performance of rites for the departed; correct measures support properly executed offerings that are traditionally believed to aid the preta and honor ancestral obligations.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing śrāddha, piṇḍa-dāna, or charity in a memorial context, follow standardized measures (or their vetted modern equivalents) to maintain ritual clarity and consistency.