Shloka 58

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

धामार्गवो ऽथ कोषातक्यथ यामिनी / विद्यात्कोशतकीभेदं कृतभेदनसंज्ञका

Transliteration

dhāmārgavo 'tha koṣātakyatha yāminī / vidyātkośatakībhedaṃ kṛtabhedanasaṃjñakā

Translation

ต่อจากนั้นมี ‘ธามารคะวะ’ และ ‘โกษาตกี’ และ ‘ยามินี’ ด้วย ควรเข้าใจความแตกต่างของ ‘โกศตะกี’ ตามการจำแนก ซึ่งเรียกกันว่า ‘กฤตเภทนะ’ (แบ่งตามหมวดหมู่)۔

Word by Word

• धामार्गवः: dhāmārgava (name)
• धामार्गवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामार्गव (प्रातिपदिक) = धामा + अर्गव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (धाम्नः अर्गवः/धामार्गवः)

• अथ: then/and
• अथ: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चयार्थक (then/and)

• कोषातकी: koṣātakī (name)
• कोषातकी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोषातकी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अथ: and/then
• अथ: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चयार्थक

• यामिनी: yāminī (name)
• यामिनी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यामिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विद्यात्: should know
• विद्यात्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘one should know’

• कोशतकीभेदम्: the variety/difference of kośatakī
• कोशतकीभेदम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोशतकीभेद (प्रातिपदिक) = कोशतकी + भेद
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (कोशतक्याः भेदः)

• कृतभेदनसंज्ञका: named ‘kṛtabhedanā’
• कृतभेदनसंज्ञका: Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतभेदनसंज्ञक (प्रातिपदिक) = कृत + भेदन + संज्ञक
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (यामिनी/कोषातकी-आदि); समासः—तत्पुरुष (कृता भेदना यस्याः सा; संज्ञका = ‘named’)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Bheda-jñāna (knowledge of distinctions) within a single plant-name tradition; avoid conflating varieties.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka (discrimination) applied to empirical domains; correct naming supports correct action.

Application: When a text prescribes kośātakī, verify which variety is intended (kṛtabhedana—‘classified by divisions’) before use.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204.57–61 (continuing synonym/variety identifications)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of Kośatakī-bheda (varieties of Kośatakī) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse indicates that Kośatakī is not a single item but has recognized sub-types; knowing the correct ‘bheda’ is important for accurate traditional identification and usage of the herb.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not address the soul’s journey here; instead, it belongs to a catalog-style passage that lists and classifies named substances (likely herbs) within the Garuda Purana’s broader encyclopedic material.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a caution for precise terminology: when a text lists multiple ‘bheda’ (varieties), practitioners and researchers should verify the exact identification before applying any traditional remedy or interpretation.