Shloka 11

Oṣadhi-nāma-nirdeśa: Paryāya (Synonyms) of Herbs, Minerals, and Classical Measures

Devanagari script

तृतीया जलजम्बूः स्यान्नादेयी सा च कीर्तिता / कणा कृष्णोपकुञ्ची च शौण्डी मागधिकेति च

Transliteration

tṛtīyā jalajambūḥ syānnādeyī sā ca kīrtitā / kaṇā kṛṣṇopakuñcī ca śauṇḍī māgadhiketi ca

Translation

ชนิดที่สามเรียกว่า ‘ชลชัมพู’ และยังได้รับการกล่าวขานว่า ‘นาเทยี’ อีกด้วย นอกจากนี้ยังเรียกด้วยนาม ‘กณา’ ‘กฤษโณปกุญจี’ ‘เศาณฑี’ และ ‘มาคธิกา’

Word by Word

• तृतीया: the third (variety)
• तृतीया: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषणम् (third)

• जलजम्बूः: Jalajambū (water-jambū; a plant name)
• जलजम्बूः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल + जम्बू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (जले/जलात् जम्बूः)

• स्यात्: may be/is
• स्यात्: Kriya (Copula/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• नादेयी: Nādeyī (a name/variety)
• नादेयी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नादेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सा: she/that (one)
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कीर्तिता: is mentioned/called
• कीर्तिता: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त) ‘कीर्तित’ (mentioned), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विधेयभावे

• कणा: Kaṇā (a name)
• कणा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• कृष्णोपकुञ्ची: Kṛṣṇopakuñcī (black upakuñcī; a name)
• कृष्णोपकुञ्ची: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण + उपकुञ्ची (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (कृष्णा उपकुञ्ची)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• शौण्डी: Śauṇḍī (a name)
• शौण्डी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौण्डी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• मागधिकी: Māgadhikī (a name)
• मागधिकी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मागधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Varietal taxonomy plus synonym expansion: one item (jalajambū/nādeyī) recognized through multiple appellations (kaṇā, kṛṣṇopakuñcī, śauṇḍī, māgadhikā).

Vedantic Theme: Unity of referent amid plurality of names; conventional language mapped to a stable object for right practice.

Application: In collecting or purchasing herbs, cross-check synonyms and habitat cues (riverine) to ensure the intended ‘third variety’ is obtained.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: riverine (implied)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.204 (variety enumeration and synonym clusters)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of listing multiple names in the Garuda Purana?

This verse preserves traditional nomenclature—regional and technical synonyms—so practitioners can correctly identify the same ritual item even when different names are used.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals?

Garuda Purana often specifies materials and their correct identification for rites; here it clarifies that the “third” item has several accepted names, preventing confusion during śrāddha/antyeṣṭi-related procedures.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When consulting priests, elders, or regional manuals, treat differing terms as potential synonyms and verify the intended substance by context, not by name alone, to maintain ritual accuracy.