Shloka 39

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

तत्कोपादुदरं तृष्णागुदस्नुतिरुजान्वितम् / काशश्वासारुचियुतं नानावर्णाशिराततम्

Transliteration

tatkopādudaraṃ tṛṣṇāgudasnutirujānvitam / kāśaśvāsāruciyutaṃ nānāvarṇāśirātatam

Translation

ด้วยแรงกำเริบนั้น ท้องย่อมถูกเบียดเบียนด้วยความกระหายแผดเผา ความปวด และมีน้ำไหลซึมจากทวารหนัก; ประกอบด้วยไอ หอบเหนื่อย เบื่ออาหาร และมีเส้นเอ็นหลากสีแผ่เป็นตาข่าย

Word by Word

• tad-kopāt: from its aggravation
• tad-kopāt: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + kopa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (तस्य कोपः = its aggravation)

• udaram: the abdomen (disease condition)
• udaram: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: udara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• tṛṣṇā-guda-snuti-rujā-anvitam: accompanied by thirst, anal discharge, and pain
• tṛṣṇā-guda-snuti-rujā-anvitam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tṛṣṇā (प्रातिपदिक) + guda (प्रातिपदिक) + snuti (प्रातिपदिक) + rujā (प्रातिपदिक) + anvita (प्रातिपदिक; √i + क्त with anu-)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (तृष्णा च गुदस्नुतिः च रुजा च येन अन्वितम्) विशेषण (qualifying udaram)

• kāśa-śvāsa-aruci-yutam: associated with cough, breathlessness, and loss of appetite
• kāśa-śvāsa-aruci-yutam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāśa (प्रातिपदिक) + śvāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + aruci (प्रातिपदिक) + yuta (प्रातिपदिक; √yu/√yuj + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कासश्वासारुचिभिः युतम्) विशेषण

• nānā-varṇa-āśirā-tatam: spread with veins of various colors
• nānā-varṇa-āśirā-tatam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśirā/śirā (प्रातिपदिक; ‘vein’) + tata (प्रातिपदिक; √tan + क्त/त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (नानावर्णाः शिराः यत्र ततम् = spread with veins of various colors) विशेषण

Speaker

Lord Vishnu

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Mixed

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Consequences of doshic ‘kopa’ manifest as multi-system symptom clusters; recognizing the pattern is essential to right response.

Vedantic Theme: Duhkha as signal for viveka and care of the instrument (body) without mistaking it for the Self.

Application: Treat as severe condition: prioritize hydration balance, respiratory support, and urgent medical care; do not ignore anorexia with discharge and dyspnea.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161: lakshanas of advanced udaravyadhi—trishna, ruja, guda-sruti, kasa, shvasa, aruchi, multicolored veins

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of karmic punishment descriptions in the Garuda Purana?

This verse uses vivid bodily afflictions to show that harmful actions mature into tangible suffering, reinforcing ethical restraint and the need for remedial dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

In the Preta-kanda narrative, Vishnu explains to Garuda that the departed may experience intense, body-like torments shaped by karma—here described as thirst, pain, discharge, and respiratory distress.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate self-control and compassion to reduce harmful karma, and support traditional śrāddha/pinda-related duties with sincerity while living a disciplined, sattvic life.