Shloka 4

Atīsāra (Diarrhoea) and Grahaṇī-doṣa: Causes, Prodromal Signs, Doṣa-wise Symptoms, and Major-Disease Status

Devanagari script

विस्त्रंसयत्यधोवातं हत्वा तेनैव चानलम् / व्यापार्यान्नशकृत्कोष्ठपुरीषद्रवतादयः

Transliteration

vistraṃsayatyadhovātaṃ hatvā tenaiva cānalam / vyāpāryānnaśakṛtkoṣṭhapurīṣadravatādayaḥ

Translation

สิ่งนี้ทำให้ลมปราณที่ไหลลง (อธโววายุ) แปรปรวน และด้วยความปั่นป่วนนั้นเองทำให้ไฟย่อยอาหาร (ชฐรัคนิ) ดับลง จึงเกิดอาการย่อยไม่ดี ท้องผูก ลำไส้อุดกั้น ถ่ายเหลว และโรคอื่น ๆ ตามมา

Word by Word

• विस्त्रंसयति: causes to fall/expels, dislodges
• विस्त्रंसयति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-स्त्रंस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• अधोवातम्: downward-moving wind (apāna-vāta)
• अधोवातम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधोवात (प्रातिपदिक: अधः + वात)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• हत्वा: having killed/destroyed
• हत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha/Emphasis
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अनलम्: fire (digestive fire)
• अनलम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• व्यापार्य: having set in motion/engaged
• व्यापार्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-आ-√पृ (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त-समकक्ष अव्यय (gerund), ‘व्यापार्य’ = ‘व्यापारं कृत्वा/प्रवर्त्य’

• अन्न: food
• अन्न: Qualifier (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• शकृत्: feces
• शकृत्: Qualifier (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• कोष्ठ: bowel/abdomen
• कोष्ठ: Qualifier (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• पुरीष: stool, excrement
• पुरीष: Qualifier (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरीष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• द्रवता: liquidity, looseness
• द्रवता: Qualifier (in compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रवता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• आदयः: and the rest; etc.
• आदयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Apāna-vāyu derangement disrupts agni (digestive fire), producing a chain of gastrointestinal pathologies.

Vedantic Theme: Sharīra as a field of guṇas and prāṇa-vāyus; embodied life requires disciplined maintenance for dharma-sādhana.

Application: Guard digestion by regulating diet, routine, and elimination; treat constipation/atīsāra tendencies early by restoring agni and vāta balance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.157 (Ayurveda/roga-lakṣaṇa section; vāta-pitta pathology and agni)

Characters & Entities

• Vayu (Apana)
• Anala (Jatharagni)

FAQs

What is the importance of apāna-vāyu in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights apāna-vāyu as the key downward force governing elimination; when it is disturbed, digestion and bowel function deteriorate.

How does this verse explain bodily suffering in a Vedic framework?

It links suffering to disruption of subtle physiological principles—apāna-vāyu and jatharāgni—showing how imbalance manifests as concrete digestive and excretory disorders.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Protect digestion and elimination through disciplined food habits and routines that preserve agni and regulate apāna—supporting steadier health and clearer conduct.